Evaluation of Soft Tissue Changes in the Nasolabial and Mental Region After Class Iii Orthognathic Surgery: Systematic Review

Abstract

Introduction: Orthognathic surgery has become increasingly accepted as a method of correcting moderate to severe Class III skeletal deformities. The recognition of aesthetic factors and the prediction of the final facial profile play a very important role in the planning of surgical therapy because the majority of patients are generally very sensitive to any changes in facial aesthetics after orthognathic surgery. Objective Evaluate soft tissue changes (Nose, lips and chin) in relation to the underlying hard tissue movements, and surgical changes after different surgical approaches, designed to treat Class III skeletal malocclusions, including different types of two-dimensional analysis and also threedimensional analysis. Materials We adopted a research strategy based on a query of five digital bibliographic databases, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library over a 13-year period from 2007 to 2020. We limited our research by using several keywords according to the following search equation: orthognathic surgery/skeletal class III/soft tissue/changes. In addition, no exclusion of articles based on language was made. Results Orthognathic surgery in class III skeletal cases causes quite considerable changes in the facial profile and also in the overlying soft tissues, in the anterior-posterior and transverse direction. However, it has been clinically proven that the external nose undergoes more or less undesirable International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research Vol. 5, No. 02; 2021