IMPACTOS SOCIAIS E AMBIENTAIS DO CULTIVO DE DENDEZEIRO NO ESTADO DO PARÁ

Abstract

he purpose of this article is to present, through a bibliographic survey, the main social and environmental problems caused by the establishment of large areas occupied by oil palm cultivation in the municipalities of the state of Pará. From the agronomic point of view, the economic and productive advantages of oil palm. (Elaeis guineensis) compared to other palms and oilseeds, are undisputed, however, the large extensions of land required for its implementation as well as the high amount of machinery and chemical inputs has caused constant social and environmental impacts for riparian, quilombola, indigenous and family farmers close to this monoculture, causing changes in their territorial, social and quality of life. Palm companies absorb a large amount of local labor, as well as carry out incentive programs for the implantation of culture in family agriculture, which reduces the plurality of subsistence and cultural crops implanted and marketed in the region. Based on the research, it can be stated that even having undoubted economic potential, leveraging the state's GDP in the agricultural segment and generating employment and income for several families and rural workers (Rural Palmar), palm oil still shows little social and environmentally sustainable, in addition at this time which preaches so much sustainability, considering how much environmental impacts are observed in the indiscriminate use of pesticides in the crop, which consequently has been causing damage to water resources, making the use of water by the local community unfeasible. , causing several respiratory and dermatological problems, besides reducing the biodiversity in the region.