Health Trajectories and Socioeconomic Disparities from Life Course Approach on Korean Senior Citizens: Group Based Multi-trajectory Model

Hyun-Jung Kwon, Hea-seung Oh
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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to derive a multidimensional health trajectory of Korean senior citizens from life course approach and to analyze whether socioeconomic disparities appear in each group. Data were taken from the 2nd to 7th Waves of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging Panel Survey (KLoSA). The study used methodology including group-based multi-trajectory and multinomial logistic regression. As a result, the study revealed five groups with different health trajectories: general aging group (41.6%), healthy aging group (18.2%), depression/cognitive disability group (18.5%), sudden decline in health group (15.6%) and severe health impairment group (6.1%). The gender, income, and assets influenced each group differently whereas education showed no meaningful significance. Specifically, low income and assets were closely related to the sudden decline group and severe health impairment group, whereas income and gender (male) were directly proportional to the status of the healthy aging group (G2). In contrast, the depression/cognitive disability group demonstrated gender (female) was a significant influencing factor but educational background, income, and assets were not related. The study suggests future intervention in health and care policies for each group of different health trajectories is necessary.
韩国老年人生命历程方法的健康轨迹与社会经济差异:基于群体的多轨迹模型
本研究的目的是从生命历程的角度推导出韩国老年人的多维健康轨迹,并分析各组是否存在社会经济差异。数据来自韩国老龄化纵向研究面板调查(KLoSA)的第二至第七波。研究方法包括基于群体的多轨迹回归和多项逻辑回归。研究结果显示,普通老龄人群(41.6%)、健康老龄人群(18.2%)、抑郁/认知障碍人群(18.5%)、健康突然下降人群(15.6%)和严重健康损害人群(6.1%)具有不同的健康轨迹。性别、收入和资产对各组的影响不同,而教育对各组的影响无显著性意义。其中,低收入和资产与突然衰退组和严重健康损害组密切相关,而收入和性别(男性)与健康老龄化组的状态成正比(G2)。相反,抑郁/认知障碍组显示性别(女性)是显著的影响因素,但教育背景、收入和资产无关。该研究表明,未来有必要针对不同健康轨迹的每个群体进行卫生和护理政策干预。
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