Large-Scale Fabrication, 3D Tomography, and Lithium-Ion Battery Application of Porous Silicon

IF 9.6 1区 材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Nano Letters Pub Date : 2013-11-26 DOI:10.1021/nl403923s
Mingyuan Ge, Yunhao Lu, Peter Ercius, Jiepeng Rong, Xin Fang, Matthew Mecklenburg, Chongwu Zhou
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引用次数: 195

Abstract

Recently, silicon-based lithium-ion battery anodes have shown encouraging results, as they can offer high capacities and long cyclic lifetimes. The applications of this technology are largely impeded by the complicated and expensive approaches in producing Si with desired nanostructures. We report a cost-efficient method to produce nanoporous Si particles from metallurgical Si through ball-milling and inexpensive stain-etching. The porosity of porous Si is derived from particle’s three-dimensional reconstructions by scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) tomography, which shows the particles’ highly porous structure when etched under proper conditions. Nanoporous Si anodes with a reversible capacity of 2900 mAh/g was attained at a charging rate of 400 mA/g, and a stable capacity above 1100 mAh/g was retained for extended 600 cycles tested at 2000 mA/g. The synthetic route is low-cost and scalable for mass production, promising Si as a potential anode material for the next-generation lithium-ion batteries with enhanced capacity and energy density.

Abstract Image

多孔硅的大规模制造、三维层析成像和锂离子电池应用
最近,硅基锂离子电池阳极显示出令人鼓舞的结果,因为它们可以提供高容量和长循环寿命。该技术的应用在很大程度上受到生产具有所需纳米结构的硅的复杂和昂贵的方法的阻碍。我们报告了一种经济有效的方法,通过球磨和廉价的染色蚀刻从冶金硅中生产纳米多孔硅颗粒。通过扫描透射电子显微镜(STEM)层析成像对多孔硅颗粒进行三维重建,得到多孔硅颗粒在适当条件下蚀刻时的高度多孔结构。在400 mA/g的充电速率下,纳米多孔硅阳极的可逆容量为2900 mAh/g,在2000 mA/g的充电速率下,纳米多孔硅阳极的可逆容量可保持在1100 mAh/g以上。该合成路线成本低,可大规模生产,有望成为下一代锂离子电池的潜在负极材料,具有增强的容量和能量密度。
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来源期刊
Nano Letters
Nano Letters 工程技术-材料科学:综合
CiteScore
16.80
自引率
2.80%
发文量
1182
审稿时长
1.4 months
期刊介绍: Nano Letters serves as a dynamic platform for promptly disseminating original results in fundamental, applied, and emerging research across all facets of nanoscience and nanotechnology. A pivotal criterion for inclusion within Nano Letters is the convergence of at least two different areas or disciplines, ensuring a rich interdisciplinary scope. The journal is dedicated to fostering exploration in diverse areas, including: - Experimental and theoretical findings on physical, chemical, and biological phenomena at the nanoscale - Synthesis, characterization, and processing of organic, inorganic, polymer, and hybrid nanomaterials through physical, chemical, and biological methodologies - Modeling and simulation of synthetic, assembly, and interaction processes - Realization of integrated nanostructures and nano-engineered devices exhibiting advanced performance - Applications of nanoscale materials in living and environmental systems Nano Letters is committed to advancing and showcasing groundbreaking research that intersects various domains, fostering innovation and collaboration in the ever-evolving field of nanoscience and nanotechnology.
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