Survey of Basidiomycets and Insect Infested Roadside Trees

大賀 祥治, 野村 周平, 井上 晋, S. Oga, S. Nomura, S. Inoue
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引用次数: 3

Abstract

Some biotic and abiotic factors causal to the deterioration of roadside trees were surveyed in Fukuoka City on 23 species planted along 22 main streets. Various fruit bodies of basidiornycete, imperfect fungi and bacterial canker disease as well as insect pests were detected. Forty - six fungi strains were obtained in this survey. Aphyllophorales basidiomycete was the most abundant fungi found in surveyed raodside trees. Fruit bodies of 7 edible mushroom species were identified on the scaffold limbs, trunks and root collars of roadside trees. Population of all wood­ inhabiting basidiomycetes from healthy and diseased trees were significantly different. Robinia pseudoacacia declined severely with mycerial development and fruit body formation of white rot fungi, Fomitella fraxinea on root collars. It is conceivable that low soil pH might be a major factor. Fifty - one species of tree insects were identified in this survey, major pests being two species of termites (Isoptera), Reticulitermes speraius kyushuensis and Copiotermes formosanus which significantly attacked ten tree species. Cerarnbycid beetles, Anoplophora malasiaca and Eupromus ruber severely damaged Platanus orienialis and Machilus thunbergii, respectively. Root damage status corresponded significantly to the degree of upper tree decline. Results clearly show differences between evergreen broad-leaved trees and deciduous broad -leaved trees in tolerance to wood-inhabiting basidiomycetes and tree-parasitic insects. Overall, this preliminary survey documents some biotic and abiotic factors may contribute to roadside tree decline in Fukuoka City.
路沿树担子菌及虫蛀调查
对福冈市22条主要街道上种植的23种路旁树木进行了生物和非生物因素调查。检测到担子蜜树的各种子实体、不完全真菌和细菌性溃疡病以及害虫。本次调查共获得46株菌种。担子菌是路旁树木中数量最多的真菌。在路边树木的支架枝、树干和根颈上鉴定了7种食用菌的子实体。健康树木和病树的所有木栖担子菌种群差异显著。刺槐根颈上白腐菌菌丝体发育和果体形成严重衰退。可以想象,土壤pH值低可能是一个主要因素。调查共鉴定出51种乔木昆虫,主要害虫为白蚁(等翅目)九州白蚁和台湾白蚁,对10种乔木有显著的危害。瓢虫、马氏天牛和橡胶树对东方星和刺木的危害分别较严重。根系损伤状况与树体退化程度显著相关。结果表明,常绿阔叶树和落叶阔叶树对木栖担子菌和树寄生昆虫的耐受性存在明显差异。总体而言,本初步调查记录了福冈市一些生物和非生物因素可能导致路边树木减少。
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