Serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as a predictor of acute kidney injury in patients with coronary artery disease

Abstract

Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) after a percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is a major complexity. Early AKI diagnosis can help in treating this complication. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a recent marker for the diagnosis of contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI). This research targeted to evaluate the early diagnosis of CI-AKI and predictive value of NGAL and study the correlation between renal role tests and serum NGAL in cases with coronary artery disorder. This research was conducted on 45 cases with coronary artery disorder. Serum NGAL, urea, and creatinine (SCr) were evaluated. The estimated glomerular-filtration rate (eGFR) was measured 2 and 48 h after PCI. Results In total, 11 (24.4%) patients had AKI, while 34 (75.6%) patients had no AKI. Serum urea NGAL was significantly greater in AKI cases either 2 or 48 h after PCI, while SCr was significantly greater in AKI cases 48 h after PCI. eGFR 48 h after PCI was significantly decreased in AKI patients. Albumin/creatinine (A/C) ratio was significantly greater in AKI cases. Serum NGAL 2 h after PCI positively correlated with A/C ratio and SCr 48 h after PCI, but is negatively correlated with eGFR 48 h after PCI. After 2 h, serum levels of NGAL had 90% sensitivity and 55% specificity; after 48 h, they had 81% sensitivity and 61% specificity. SCr after 2 h had 63% sensitivity and 82% specificity, and after 48 h, had 90% sensitivity and 88% specificity. Conclusion Serum NGAL can represent a sensitive early predictor biomarker for kidney damage after PCI.