DIVERSIDADE EM QUINTAIS AGROFLORESTAIS URBANOS NO BAIRRO DIAMANTINO NO MUNICIPIO DE SANTARÉM - PARÁ

Abstract

Urban backyards around the world have a diversity of plants and are of fundamental importance to the general population, due to their many benefits, especially for low-income families, who use them for food and treatment of diseases. The terms self-consumption and diversity are key words for understanding the use of natural resources in these common family spaces, which combine conservation and the possibility of extra income. The objective of this study was to survey the main species of plants in agroforestry backyards located in an urban neighborhood of Santarém-PA. To this end, 48 interviews were conducted containing open and closed questions about the diversity, purpose and use of backyard plants. To this end, 48 interviews were conducted containing open and closed questions about the diversity, purpose and use of backyard plants. The data were systematized and executed using the Microsoft Excel 2013 software. We identified 413 individuals distributed in 113 species, among which, the most important were for use medicinal, food and shading. Regarding the frequency of species in the backyards, we highlight the species Melissa officinalis (43.75%), Mangifera indica (41.67%), Citrus limonia (40%), Musa spp (37.50%) and Peumus boldus (31.25%). In this sense it was also evaluated the diversity in the composition of the backyards which according to the Shannon-Weaver index (H ') parameters was 4.23 thus showing that the backyards under study are diverse in their composition. As for use, those intended for food use (45%) and those intended for medical use (34%) predominated. The results of this study also showed that the most consumed part of the plant was the fruit, followed by the leaf. Thus, it is concluded that the urban backyards surveyed have a great diversity of species, which are used and managed by residents to guarantee the supply of products for their own consumption, especially food.