Ragam Pendekatan dan Metode Penafsiran Al-Qur’an

Abstract

Artikel ini membahas secara mendasar mengenai pendekatan dan metode yang dilakukan oleh mufassir dalam menafsirkan al-Qur’an, kelebihan dan kekurangan metode yang dipakai oleh para mufassir serta sejarah dan perkembangannya. Seiring berjalan dan berkembangnya waktu dari masa Rasulullah ﷺ hingga masa sekarang, tercatat banyak pendekatan dan metode yang dipakai oleh para mufasir diantaranya pendekatan linguistik, pendekatan berbasis logika, pendekatan berbasis tasawuf, dan pendekatan riwayat, pendekatan isyarat, sehingga dalam pembahasan metode penafsiran al-Qur’an, kita mengenal ada beberapa metode tafsir yang digunakan oleh para ulama yang menghiasi berbagai macam kitab tafsir yang terkenal dalam dunia Islam. Diantaranya metode tafsir tahlily, metode ijmaly, metode muqaran, metode kontekstual, metode tafsir bir riwayah dan metode tafsir bir ro’yi. This article discusses fundamentally the approaches and methods used by mufassir in interpreting the Qur'an, the advantages and disadvantages of the methods used by mufassir and its history and development. As time goes on and the development of time from the time of the Prophet ﷺ to the present, there are many approaches and methods used by mufasir including linguistic approaches, logic-based approaches, Sufism-based approaches, and historical approaches, sign approaches, so that in discussing methods of interpretation of the Qur'an 'an, we know that there are several methods of interpretation used by scholars who adorn various kinds of famous commentary books in the Islamic world. Among them are the tahlily interpretation method, the ijmaly method, the muqaran method, the contextual method, the bir riwayah interpretation method and the bir ro'yi interpretation method.