The Changing Public Sector and the Contradiction of Economic Globalization

N. Sári
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Abstract

THE AIM OF THE PAPER This paper attempts to examine the impact that economic globalization has had on the public sector. In the past two decades, researchers have gradually turned their attention to international and global perspectives in their efforts to analyze the changing nature and patterns of welfare policies, development approaches and public sector systems. Accordingly, the aim of this study is to evaluate and discuss the characteristics of globalized economic processes in regard to policy-making and public service design. METHODOLOGY This study is based on mainstream literature review and secondary data analysis of the original data of OECD and World Bank report, with the aim of confirming the correlations between hyperglobalization – in other words, excessive economic liberalization associated with deep integration of markets and services – and public policy transformation. The study applies a research framework associated with public sector expenditure, economic openness and foreign trade patterns. MOST IMPORTANT RESULTS According to our results, the complex, contradictory impacts and processes of economic globalization cont emporaneously have exacerbated socio-economic challenges, and have transformed the social dimensions of policy implementation. Furthermore, these multifaceted provocations have required active responses and solutions at international level. In addition, we identified that economic openness have positively correlated with public sector size — notwithstanding, the interpretation of the correlation may be influenced by seve ral other factors, such as the “size” of nation-states. RECOMMENDATIONS The results suggest that improving public policy is indispensable for achieving good governance; and a proactive, adequate public sector might resolve the socio-economic issues that the market economy does not address. Therefore, a modernized public sector system, based on a multi-layered and multi-sectorial framework, could effectively reshape income distribution, combat poverty and counter threats related to globalization.
变化中的公共部门与经济全球化的矛盾
本文的目的本文试图研究经济全球化对公共部门的影响。在过去的二十年中,研究人员逐渐将注意力转向国际和全球视角,以分析福利政策、发展方法和公共部门系统的变化性质和模式。因此,本研究的目的是评估和讨论全球化经济进程在政策制定和公共服务设计方面的特点。本研究基于主流文献综述和对经合组织和世界银行报告原始数据的二次数据分析,旨在确认超级全球化-即与市场和服务深度一体化相关的过度经济自由化-与公共政策转变之间的相关性。这项研究采用了与公共部门支出、经济开放和外贸模式有关的研究框架。根据我们的研究结果,经济全球化的复杂、矛盾的影响和过程同时加剧了社会经济挑战,并改变了政策实施的社会层面。此外,这些多方面的挑衅需要在国际一级作出积极的反应和解决办法。此外,我们发现经济开放度与公共部门规模正相关——尽管如此,对这种相关性的解释可能受到其他几个因素的影响,如民族国家的“规模”。研究结果表明,改善公共政策是实现善治的必要条件;一个积极的、充分的公共部门可能会解决市场经济无法解决的社会经济问题。因此,一个基于多层次、多部门框架的现代化公共部门体系,可以有效地重塑收入分配,消除贫困,应对全球化带来的威胁。
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