Dokumentace a prezentace venkovského stavitelství v ČR: historický vývoj a současné možnosti a limity

Abstract

Documentation and presentation of vernacular architecture in the Czech Republic: Historical overview and possibilities and limits of contemporary approaches The study presents an analysis of the basic trends in the documentation and presentation of vernacular (peasant, rural) architecture in the Czech Republic over the past 150 years. Based on this analysis, four basic stages of documentation of vernacular architecture were identified. They differ primarily in the institutional background and the degree of professionalisation of the activities carried out, the theoretical-methodological and epistemological conceptualisation of rural architecture in the fields of art history on the one hand and ethnology on the other, the degree of systematicity and spatial complexity of research and documentation, and finally its objectives (documentation carried out solely for the purpose of scientific research vs. documentation aimed also at popularisation and presentation of results to the public). The developmental stages of documentation and presentation of vernacular architecture are: (a) Stage of haphazard lay and expert documentation with presentation objectives (2nd half of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century); (b) Stage of haphazard mainly expert/scientific documentation without presentation objectives (beginning of the 20th century to the 1950s). (c) Stage of systematic professional/ scientific documentation without presentation objectives (1950s to 1990s); (d) Stage of haphazard and systematic professional/scientific documentation with presentation objectives and use of new technological possibilities (1990s to present). Using the specific example of the VISKALIA project (Virtual Open Air Museum), the article also points out the possibilities and limits of contemporary documentation and presentation of rural architecture offered to ethnology and ethnology-oriented museology and related fields by contemporary trends in the so-called digital humanities and heritage science.