SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 and molecular pathway to enter target cells during infection

Abstract

Novel Covid-19 (Sars-CoV-2) is a leading acute respiratory tract infection in humans and respiratory disease COVID-19 has gained global resonance, and attempts are being made to classify the molecular characteristics and evolutionary background of this virus. SARS-CoV-2 infects host cells via a variable molecular mechanism. Thus, the rapid and reliable diagnosis of pathogenic viruses plays a crucial role in finding the right treatments, saving lives, and stopping epidemics. that binds to host receptors and fuses viral and cell membranes. This review summarizes the information currently available about the seven HCoVs, with a focus on comparing and contrasting the various HCoVs from a virus evolution and genome recombination perspective. The cause for the angiotensin 2 receptor being an enzyme-converting site is also emphasized. This study sets out to shed light on the SARS-CoV-2 and the main entrance pathways into target cells. This is expected to help researchers and clinicians develop new methods to diagnose coronavirus infection in a timely and efficient manner.