Can Nonlinear Water Pricing Help to Mitigate Drought Effects in Temperate Countries?

J. Terreaux, M. Tidball
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Abstract

The notion of drought is most often associated with the aridity of landscapes and vegetation. But a green landscape can hide a frequent imbalance between water availability and the quantity necessary to maintain rivers in a suitable state, to satisfy different water needs. This is the case, for example, in the French region called New Aquitaine. Regularly, "drought" crisis committees are set up there to limit water use through administrative constraints, which is technically difficult and costly for many, and with an overall unsatisfactory situation from rural areas to the coast. But in summer, water consumption is mainly due to irrigation. Some water resource managers have consequently set up an original non-linear water pricing system for irrigation to achieve several objectives: above all, to limit water consumption in order to respect a minimum flow rate in rivers, to anticipate water supply-demand imbalances before agricultural plantations are made, to allocate water to the users who value it best, to recover water supply costs, to be transparent and sufficiently simple in its application to be acceptable. In this chapter, we propose to describe one of such original pricing systems, as well as some of its main mathematical properties and its practical interests.
非线性水价有助于缓解温带国家的干旱影响吗?
干旱的概念通常与景观和植被的干旱联系在一起。但是,绿色景观可能掩盖了水资源供应与维持河流处于适当状态以满足不同用水需求所需水量之间的经常不平衡。例如,在法国的新阿基坦地区就是这种情况。通常,“干旱”危机委员会在那里成立,通过行政限制来限制水的使用,这在技术上是困难的,对许多人来说成本高昂,从农村到沿海地区的总体情况令人不满意。但在夏季,用水量主要是由于灌溉。因此,一些水资源管理人员为灌溉建立了一种原始的非线性水价制度,以实现几个目标:首先是限制水的消耗,以便尊重河流的最低流量;在种植农业作物之前预测水的供需不平衡;将水分配给最重视它的用户;收回供水成本;在应用中做到透明和足够简单,使人可以接受。在本章中,我们打算描述一个这样的原始定价系统,以及它的一些主要的数学性质和它的实际利益。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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