Optical coherence tomography and optical coherence tomography angiography biomarkers for age-related macular degeneration and retinovascular diseases

M. Udoh, A. Okudo, O. Okonkwo
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Abstract

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA) play a vital role in diagnosing and posttreatment evaluation of several retina diseases, including age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, and retinal vein occlusion, which are leading causes of retinal blindness. OCT provides a fast, noninvasive, and reproducible option for assessing retinal structure and gives high-resolution images that enable the identification of several biomarkers of retinal disease. Retinal biomarkers have been investigated extensively because of their usefulness in predicting the outcome and progression of disease. Recently, several biomarkers have been analyzed using artificial intelligence, which provides invaluable information on the natural history, prognosis, and risk of disease progression. Combining OCT/OCTA and artificial intelligence-based analytics will open doors to more personalized treatment and improved decision-making and, therefore, better outcomes for patients who suffer from retinal diseases. This review provides essential information on known retina biomarkers in leading retinal diseases.
光学相干断层扫描和光学相干断层扫描血管成像生物标志物与年龄相关的黄斑变性和视网膜血管疾病
光学相干断层扫描(OCT)和OCT血管造影(OCTA)在几种视网膜疾病的诊断和治疗后评估中起着至关重要的作用,包括老年性黄斑变性、糖尿病视网膜病变和视网膜静脉阻塞,这些疾病是导致视网膜失明的主要原因。OCT为评估视网膜结构提供了一种快速、无创、可重复的选择,并提供了高分辨率图像,使视网膜疾病的几种生物标志物得以识别。由于视网膜生物标志物在预测疾病的预后和进展方面的有用性,因此已被广泛研究。最近,使用人工智能分析了几种生物标志物,这提供了关于自然历史、预后和疾病进展风险的宝贵信息。结合OCT/OCTA和基于人工智能的分析将为更个性化的治疗和改进的决策打开大门,从而为患有视网膜疾病的患者带来更好的结果。本文综述了主要视网膜疾病中已知视网膜生物标志物的基本信息。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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