الشراكة بين القطاعين العام والخاص في الصناعة الدوائية في العراق الشركة العامة لصناعة الأدوية /سامراء حالة دراسية

محمد علي داخل جلاب, أ. م. د منى يونس حسين
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Abstract

The new trends in Iraq’s economic policy by adopting the market mechanism in the economy after 2003, which necessitated the integration between the role of the state represented by the public sector and the role of the private sector in the process of economic and social development that depends on mobilizing the community’s potential for various economic sectors and civil society institutions in institutional organizations that undertake, establishing and operating projects after the separate economic sectors faced challenges and difficulties in achieving development goals at the targeted levels. Therefore, many developed and developing countries sought to create institutions that adopt participatory organizations in which the public and private sectors contribute to directing, managing and operating projects, developing and developing them in order to serve Its objectives are based on a participatory basis, good governance, transparent accountability and mutual benefit, as the relationship between the partnership parties is characterized by an integrative and substitutionary nature at the same time, with a dynamic nature that depends on the size, nature and importance of the role that each sector plays in the development process, according to the prevailing economic system, and its stages of development up to faster rates of economic and social development, and the pharmaceutical industry is one of the Industries that require increased spending on research and development programs to produce patents within the pharmaceutical preparation processes for a new product, as well as flexibility in dealing with these expenses and their impact on the level of pricing and marketing of the pharmaceutical product. Most economic studies go to the fact that spending on research may reach more than 10 % of the value of pharmaceutical sales to obtain a therapeutic product using advanced technology. In this regard, we find that there is a difference in the use of technology in the pharmaceutical industry in both developed and developing countries, as pharmaceutical technology in developed countries depends on training and innovation, while pharmaceutical technology depends in developing countries, including Iraq, on improving manufacturing methods and quality control only. The research has been strengthened by highlighting the pharmaceutical partnership approved by the State Company for the Pharmaceutical Industry / Samarra as a reformist factor in economic activity, as well as supporting and encouraging the private sector and activating its role by emphasizing on building partnerships between the public and private sectors in the pharmaceutical manufacturing sector, and giving way to foreign pharmaceutical companies , the pharmaceutical industry market needs foreign investment to obtain financing sources as well as modern technology according to the formulas of cooperation or concession or contribution to the establishment of new pharmaceutical factories. The research concluded that the research hypothesis is achieved to a large extent when activating the mechanisms of partnership between the public and private sectors on the ground.
伊拉克制药业的公私伙伴关系公共制药公司/萨迈拉研究
2003年以后,伊拉克经济政策的新趋势是在经济中采用市场机制,这就需要将以公共部门为代表的国家的作用与私营部门在经济和社会发展过程中的作用结合起来,这种作用依赖于调动社区各种经济部门和民间社会机构在机构组织中的潜力。在不同的经济部门之后建立和运营项目在实现目标层次的发展目标方面面临挑战和困难。因此,许多发达国家和发展中国家设法建立机构,采用参与性组织,在这些组织中,公共和私营部门有助于指导、管理和操作项目,发展和发展这些项目,以服务于其目标,其基础是参与、善治、透明的责任和互利。由于伙伴关系各方之间的关系同时具有综合和替代的性质,并具有动态的性质,这取决于每个部门在发展过程中所起作用的规模、性质和重要性,根据现行的经济制度及其发展阶段,直至更快的经济和社会发展速度,制药业是需要增加研究和开发项目支出的行业之一,以便在新产品的药物制备过程中产生专利,以及灵活处理这些费用及其对药品定价和营销水平的影响。大多数经济研究表明,为了获得使用先进技术的治疗产品,研究支出可能达到药品销售额的10%以上。在这方面,我们发现发达国家和发展中国家在制药业使用技术方面存在差异,因为发达国家的制药业技术依赖于培训和创新,而包括伊拉克在内的发展中国家的制药业技术只依赖于改进制造方法和质量控制。通过强调医药工业国营公司/萨迈拉批准的医药伙伴关系作为经济活动中的改革因素,以及支持和鼓励私营部门并通过强调在医药制造部门建立公私部门之间的伙伴关系并让位于外国制药公司来激活其作用,加强了研究。医药工业市场需要外资按照合作、特许或出资新建制药厂的方式获得融资来源和现代技术。研究的结论是,当在实地激活公私部门之间的伙伴关系机制时,研究假设在很大程度上得到了实现。
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