Insecticidal effects of Antarctic algae Prasiola crispa extract in the adult fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster

Abstract

Introduction and Objectives: In the present study, we aimed to investigate the toxic effects of Prasiola crispa extract on a fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) model. Methods: Toxicity was assessed as % mortality, negative geotaxis behavior and acetylcholine esterase (AchE), glutathione S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT) activities as well as glutathione content (GSH) and hydroperoxide formation. Results and discussion: Administration of algae extract (2 mg/ml) to flies for 24 hours resulted in a massive increase in mortality (760 %, compared to control). It was also observed a significant increase in climbing performance, indicating an alteration in negative geotaxis behavior. The AchE activity was unchanged after algae extract treatment for 24 hours. However, GST activity was significantly increased after Prasiola crispa administration. The CAT activity was significantly decreased in flies that received algae extract for 24 hours. Glutathione levels and hydroperoxide formation remained unchanged. Our results show for the first time the toxic effects of an Antarctic algae extract in Drosophila melanogaster. Conclusion: The insecticide action of Prasiola crispa may be related to changes on vital antioxidant systems. Further studies are necessary to elucidate the exact mechanisms of toxicity of this Antarctic algae to Drosophila melanogaster.