Dietary Habits and Gut Microbiome: An Influence on Gut Brain Axis

Abstract

Intimate connections between the brain and the human gut provide a system of neurohumoral communication that may exist both ways. The link between the GI tract and the brain is so effectively-established that the central nervous system's health is always correlated with how well the gut performs. The majority of research on the gut-brain axis focuses on how mental health influences how effectively the GI system works. Recent research, however, suggests that the gut flora communicates with the brain via this axis to govern phenotypic alterations in the brain and behavior. The involvement of the microbes found in the stomach in the gut-brain axis is a significant breakthrough in identifying precise differences of the microbiota in the gut microbial constitution. However, because to the large number of intestinal bacteria and the difficulties associated with cultivating gut microbes, identifying the microbes that form the gut microbiota has emerged as the most serious scientific issue today. The current methods for identifying the microorganisms that comprise the gut microbiota rely heavily on emerging technologies and omics research techniques. In this article, we focus on the relationship between an individual's gut microbiota and the link between the gut and the brain, and we also consider the benefits and drawbacks of the present technology with high throughput for identifying the bacteria that together make up the gut microbiota, in order to further comprehend the role of gut microbiota in the gut-brain axis. The relationship between the gut and the brain is the topic of this review. The narrative overview explores the relevant scientific literature to provide a comprehensive account of this extensive concern.