Kinematic Storage Model (KSM) for Groundwater Development in Highly Permeable Hill Slope-Laboratory Study

Abstract

Study of the groundwater table development and runoff generation is one of the most important parts of hydrology to develop a clear concept, especially in hill slope. The study is more complex in the real field rather than in the artificial system. The result in artificial systems developed and experimental observations may give good results. So, therefore, this study is aimed at modeling in the laboratory as artificial hill slope flows which include saturation excess surface runoff flows. The physical processes along with runoff generation depend on the factors—soil type, characteristic slope geometry, and initial soil conditions at the commencement of rainfall. The mechanisms involved in runoff formation process have been simulated successfully to compute hydrograph for hilly terrain and groundwater table development in highly permeable soil tested by kinematic storage model theory. The model represents the hill slope as a rectangular storage element of length 2.02 m, depth 0.15 m and width 1m With an impermeable bed making an angle of 10 degrees with the horizontal. The storage element is composed of two moisture zones: an unsaturated zone and a saturated zone. The result obtained is seemed good adjustment to the theory of hill slope model given by Nm Shakya, 1995. Aslo, the moisture profile variation in mixed sand profile was found immediately after the rainfall event. The result obtained shows that the timing and distribution of moisture over the depth where the maximum moisture content is 0.4 in mid of the depth which is more than in surface having a moisture level of 0.37.