PALEOPEDOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION OF LATE CENOZOIC DEPOSITS ON THE ARCHEOLOGICAL LOCATIONS GOLOVCHYNCY-1 IN KHMELNITSKAYA DISTRICT

Abstract

It is represented paleopedological investigation of the new archeological section on the watershed inside of the territory of granite quarry near v. Golovchyncy with detail morphological description of deposits and scale field drawing with sticks of natural material; 10 samples with undisturbed structure are selected on micromorphological analysis. It is analysised 10 thin sections with undisturbed structure from site Golovchyncy-1 deposits under polarizate microscope are looked through, peculiarities of micromorphological building are interpretated. According to the results of the obtained new paleopedological data, three stratigraphic horizons have been singled out in the archeological section, located above the granite weathering crust – Illichiv, Shyrokyno and Holocene. Illichiv horizon is represented by yellowish-light-gray sands with a large number of fragments of stony material. The Shyrokyno horizon is represented by dark brown sandy-clay leached soil-pedosidiment (sh3), a layer of crumbly sand (sh2) and orange-rusty-brown in color, brown forest (southern facies) soil-pedosidiment (sh3). The modern Holocene horizon is represented by brown forest leached soil. The obtained paleopedological (morpho- and micromorphological) data allowed to reproduce the natural conditions during certain paleogeographic stages of the Pleistocene and to reconstruct the living conditions of ancient man in the Lower Paleolithic. In particular, Shyrokyno soils with artifacts, formed in temperate climate. Their ancient age is confirmed by the high position on the modern watershed, the presence of a strong weathering crust grants and a primitive culture of processing the artifacts found. The upper Shyrokyno soil (sh3) reflects the conditions of the warm-temperate, warmer temperate-humid climate of the zone shifted to the north compared to the modern temperate. The lower (sh1) was formed in a warm-temperate, warmer than modern climate with a sufficiently precipitation regime, when the zones were shifted further north, compared to sh3 soil. Key words: paleopedology; Pleistocene; soils; morphology; micromorphology.