STATISTICAL SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS IN THE STATE OF CONSTANTINE USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS(GIS)

Abstract

Traffic accidents are considered one of the most important mortality factors in Algeria, because it has significantly increased in recent years, leaving important human and material losses that exceed those caused by natural disasters, diseases, and epidemics. Also, its connection with several variables such as the geographical dimension, communities, and the quality of vehicles and roads has contributed to the exacerbation of the phenomenon, Therefore, it is necessary to think about searching for tools that contribute to alleviating the phenomenon of traffic accidents, and among these tools is the geographic information system (GIS). In this research, we are going to study and analyse the traffic accidents that occurred between 2019 and 2021 in Constantine Province, to know their spatial distribution and the extent of their dispersion and propagation. We have used the spatial analysis tools (distribution direction, the nearest neighbor method, distribution density…etc). Through it, we concluded that the traffic accidents are concentrated in the municipality of Constantine, which has high economic activities. By knowing these concentrations, we can take the appropriate decision to reduce traffic accidents.