Onychomycosis: Etiopathogenesis and Clinical Characteristics

A. Romero
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Abstract

Onychomycosis is the most common nail disease globally, can occur at any age and is related to persistent trauma of the nail, immunosuppression, hyperhidrosis and other risk factors. Onychomycosis can be caused by dermatophytes, non-dermatophyte molds and yeasts. Recent evidence supports the presence of fungal biofilms that protect them from the immune system as well as antifungal drugs. Biofilm may explain fungal resistance and the inability to eradicate fungal chronic infection. Clinically it presents with onycholysis, nail thickening, brittleness and discoloration. This disease can have a negative and significant effect on the quality of life of patients.
甲真菌病:病因与临床特征
甲真菌病是全球最常见的指甲疾病,可发生在任何年龄,与指甲的持续性创伤、免疫抑制、多汗症等危险因素有关。甲真菌病可由皮肤真菌、非皮肤真菌霉菌和酵母引起。最近的证据支持真菌生物膜的存在,可以保护它们免受免疫系统和抗真菌药物的侵害。生物膜可以解释真菌耐药性和无法根除真菌慢性感染。临床表现为甲溶、甲增厚、脆性和变色。这种疾病可以对患者的生活质量产生负面和显著的影响。
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