Assessment of In Vitro Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Potentials of Methanol Extract of Chrysophyllum albidum Cotyledon

Abstract

This study was aimed at analysing the phytochemicals in Chrysophyllum albidum cotyledon extract and their in vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The star apple fruit was bought at Igbona market Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria. The seed from the fruit was removed and defatted. The residue was exhaustively extracted with methanol. The Chrysophyllum albidum cotyledon methanol extract (CCME) was phytochemically screened, flavonoids and phenol contents, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory assays were carried out on the extract using standard procedures. Phytochemicals analysis revealed the presence of steroids, tannins, flavonoid, saponin, triterpenes and xanthoproteins. The phenolic concentration, total flavonoids concentration and total sugar concentration were found to be 26.72 ± 0.048 μgTAE/mg, 23.12 ± 1.92μg of Rutin equivalent (RTE)/mg (10.49 ± 1.12μg of Quercetin equivalent (QE)/mg) and 778.38 ± 12.82 μg of glucose/ml respectively. The extract demonstrated significant inhibitory effect compared with the standards as potent antioxidant with percentage inhibition of DPPH as 38.10 % – 39.51 %, lipid peroxidation as 45.85 % – 65.85 %, ferric reducing power showed linear correlation to the standard, and the anti-inflammatory potential with 22.06 % – 26.37 % protection of the human red blood membrane and the percentage inhibition of  denaturation of albumin 3.42 % – 7.32 %. The study showed that C. albidum cotyledon methanol extract is a potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent to combat oxidative stress and pathological diseases caused by reactive species.