Notes on a Trip to Highwood

The Course of Study Pub Date : 1901-06-01 DOI:10.1086/452944
Bertha Payne, Alice G. Kirk
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Abstract

functioned through their use. That is, a word was presented to a child only when it was necessary to him for his expression. As a material or object was used, and the child discovered what it was, its name was written upon the blackboard, that, at the time of greatest interest he might associate the written form with the thing it symbolized. This method of word-learning means economy of effort, and diminishes the necessity for drill. The words gained in this way, and words constantly used which had no intrinsic meaning, such as conjunctions, prepositions, etc., were placed by the children in dictionaries which they made, so that they might find and spell the words correctly when they needed to use them independently. The words thus functioned and placed in dictionaries during the first year would probably average for normal children about three hundred, and they do not differ to any great extent from the words in the ordinary First Reader. Through this training, the children in the Third and Fourth grades are able to use small pronouncing dictionaries. III. Writing: There has been no writing without a distinct purpose, and but little drill. The children have constantly written records, recipes, plans of work, letters, and stories. As many children in the primary grades had already acquired bad habits in the cramping of the hand, and in position of body, they have done much writing upon the blackboard and upon unctioned through their use. That is, a ord was presented to a child only when it was necessary to him for his expression. s a material or object was used, and large paper fastened to the tops of desks, which they are able to raise to any angle desired. The demand has been to make
海伍德之旅笔记
通过他们的使用发挥作用。也就是说,只有当一个词对孩子的表达有必要时,他才会给他这个词。当使用一种材料或物体时,孩子们发现了它是什么,就把它的名字写在黑板上,这样,在他最感兴趣的时候,他就可以把书写的形式和它所象征的东西联系起来。这种学习单词的方法节省了精力,减少了练习的必要性。以这种方式获得的单词,以及经常使用的没有内在意义的单词,如连词、介词等,都被孩子们放在他们自己制作的字典里,这样他们就可以在需要独立使用时找到并拼写正确的单词。在第一年里,正常儿童在字典中使用和收录的单词平均约为300个,与普通《第一读者》中收录的单词没有太大区别。通过这种训练,三、四年级的孩子们能够使用小的发音字典。3写作:没有一种写作是没有明确目的的,而且很少操练。孩子们不断地写下记录、食谱、工作计划、信件和故事。由于许多小学的孩子已经养成了手抽筋和身体姿势的坏习惯,他们在黑板上写了很多字,并通过使用它们来发挥作用。也就是说,只有当一个词对一个孩子的表达来说是必要的时候,他才会出现这个词。他们使用一种材料或物体,并将大纸固定在课桌上,他们可以将课桌抬高到任何想要的角度。需求一直在制造
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