Prognostic factors and pregnancy outcome in superovulated intrauterine insemination cycles in North Indian women

Abstract

Background: Controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) with intrauterine inseminations (IUI) is a commonly used method to treat infertile couples. This study aimed to evaluate prognostic factors responsible for successful pregnancy outcome in COH and IUI cycles. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out over a period of 1 year. A total of 130 women who visited the department of obstetrics and gynecology for the treatment of infertility were included in the study. Ninety-eight women were enrolled for this study, and proper screening protocol was followed. The outcome of COH-IUI cycles was assessed by evaluating many parameters such as age, duration of infertility, body mass index (BMI), etiology of infertility, endometrial thickness, and number of dominant follicles. Results: The mean age of pregnant women (25.40 ± 3.52 years) was significantly lower compared to nonpregnant women (28.01 ± 3.21 years) (P < 0.005). The mean BMI of pregnant women was 23.00 ± 2.41 kg/m2 whereas the mean BMI of nonpregnant group was 25.12 ± 3.32 kg/m2. This difference was statistically significant. Among pregnant women, 86.7% had bilateral patent fallopian tube and 88% in nonpregnant group had bilateral patent fallopian tube. In not getting pregnant group, the most common cause of infertility was unexplained in 80.7%, anovulatory cycles in 9.6%, and male factor infertility in 9.6%, whereas in pregnant group unexplained causes were found in 93.3% and male factor in 6.7%. No significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of bilateral fallopian tube patency, antral follicular count, and endometrial thickness on the day of ovulation. There was no difference in pregnancy rates using either double IUI or single IUI. In our study, woman's age, BMI, and single dominant follicle were the main prognostic factors for successful outcome. Conclusions: In our study, woman's age, BMI, and single dominant follicle were the main prognostic factors for successful outcome.