COMPARAÇÃO DE MÉTODOS DE RUPTURA CELULAR E EXTRAÇÃO DE LIPÍDIOS DE BIOMASSA PERIFÍTICA

Abstract

Periphyton is a complex community of aquatic organisms adhered to submerged substrates, among which stand out as microalgae, whose lipid content reflects this diversity. This study sought to develop a method using microwave irradiation to disrupt the cell wall of microalgae, the extraction of lipids with greater efficiency than the traditional method of Bligh and Dyer. Based on factorial planning 23, how they were dried at 50 °C to constant weight, irradiated by microwaves (65 °C and 200 W), centrifuged, filtered and dried at 70 °C until constant weight. The highest lipid yield was in experiment 7 (6.27%), using longer extraction time (15 minutes), less biomass (300 mg) and higher proportion of methanol (2: 1). By the method of Bligh and Dyer, the highest yield was 9.17%, but 7 mL of chloroform, 1 mL of methanol and 5 hours and 50 minutes more were spent. The modified extraction conditions of the fatty acid profile obtained, since, with the ultrasound technology, two more fatty acids (C: 12 and C18: 0 n-6 isomer) of the biomass were chosen. The analysis of the response surfaces of the evaluated variables revealed that the extraction time of 15 minutes, the use of 300 mg of biomass and the proportion of methanol /