The Studies on Seed Germination and in Vitro Cultures of Salvia L.Species from Turkish Flora

Abstract

Turkey has a rich flora in terms of plant biodiversity, and economically important Salviaspecies because of medicinal properties are in danger of extinction. To prevent the extinction of Salvia species is important to solvingthe problems of seed germination and micropropagation. In this review, in vitrostudies conducted on Salvia species from Turkish flora were listed by specifying danger categories. Seed germination studies carried out 18 Salvia species [S. candidissima Vahl., S. cyanescens Boiss. & Balansa (endemic/LR-lc), S. dichroantha Stapf (endemic/LR-lc), S. fruticosaMill. (VU), S. macrosiphon Boiss., S. microstegia Boiss. et Bal.,S. nemorosa L., S. officinalis L., S. pomifera ssp. pomiferaL. (VU), S. sclarea L., S. siirticaKahraman, Celep & Doğan sp. nov.(endemic/CR), S. smyrnaeaBoiss. (endemic/EN), S. tomentosa Mill., S. verbenaca L., S. verticillata L., S. virgata Jacq.,S. viridis L.]. In vitro culture studies were conducted on 16 Salvia species [S. aethiopis L.,S. albimaculata Hedge and Huber-Morath(endemic/VU)-unsuccessful result, S. cadmica Boiss. (endemic/LR-lc), S. candidissima Vahlssp. occidentalis Hedge,S. chrysophyllaStapf (endemic/LR-cd), S. cryptantha Montbret et Aucher ex Bentham(endemic/LR-lc), S. euphraticaMontbret et Aucher ex. Bentham var. euphratica(endemic/LR-cd)-unsuccessful result, S. fruticosa(VU), S. nemorosa, S. nydeggeri Hub.-Mor.(endemic/EN)-unsuccessful result, S. officinalis, S. sclarea, S. tomentosa, S. verticillata ssp. verticillata, S. virgata,S. viridis].In this review has been reported up to now in vitro cultures have been carried out 26 of 99 Salviaspecies, has clearly shows that new protocols should be established to protect endemic and threatened Salvia species.