Effect of giving nanochitosan preparations ethanol extract of neem leaves (Azadirachta indica) against pancreatic histology of white rat male (Rattus norvegicus) Sprague Dawley

Abstract

Abstract. Handayani S, Sitasiwi AJ, Isdadiyanto S, Mardiati SM. 2022. Effect of giving nanochitosan preparations ethanol extract of neem leaves (Azadirachta indica) against pancreatic histology of white rat male (Rattus norvegicus) Sprague Dawley. Cell Biol Dev 6: 13-19. The selection of herbal plants as a treatment in the community is considered safer, more practical, and cheaper than synthetic drugs. Neem (Azadirachta indica A.Juss.) is one of the herbal plants that have the potential as an antioxidant. However, the low bioavailability of drugs and the distribution of active compounds in herbal plants are constraints in administering drugs orally. The solution to overcome this problem is to prepare the test material in the form of nanochitosan. This study aimed to analyze the effect of nanochitosan ethanol extract of neem (A. indica) leaf extract on the pancreas histology of male Sprague Dawley rats. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 32 rats aged 2 months divided into 4 treatments, and each treatment consisted of 6 replications. P0 (normal rat group treated with 2 mL distilled water, P1 (normal rats induced with Natrium tripolifosfat "NaTPP" and 2 mL chitosan), P2 (normal rat group induced by nanochitosan neem leaf ethanol extract 1:0.5), P3 (normal rat group induced nanochitosan ethanol extract of neem leaves 1:1). Data were analyzed by ANOVA test with a significance level of 5%. Data that were not normally distributed were tested by the Kruskal Wallis test and Duncan's test. The results showed that the administration of nanochitosan ethanol extract of neem leaves 1:0.5 and 1:1 had no significant effect on the diameter parameter of the islets of Langerhans (P?0.05) but had a significant effect on the parameters of pancreatic weight and damage scoring of the islets of Langerhans (P?0.05). The administration of nanochitosan preparations of ethanolic extract of neem leaves can deliver bioactive compounds neem to the pancreas and minimize damage to the cells that make up the islets of Langerhans due to toxic neem compounds.