AVALIAÇÃO NUTRICIONAL EM CRIANÇAS E ADOLESCENTES COM DIABETES MELLITUS TIPO 1

Abstract

Objectives: Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a common chronic disease in childhood and its treatment includes insulin therapy, physical activity and healthy eating. The aim of this study was to assess the nutritional status and quality of diet of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus followed up at the Pediatric Endocrinology Unit of the Clinical Hospital at the Federal University of Paraná. Methods: observational, analytical, cross-sectional study, carried out by applying a questionnaire on dietary pattern based on the form proposed by the Food and Nutrition Surveillance System, in addition to the collection of data from medical records. Included 51 patients by convenience, aged between 5 and 15 years old and who met the inclusion criteria. For statistical analysis, p <0.05 was considered significant. Results: the mean age was 11.6 ± 2.3 years and the disease duration 4.53 ± 3.7 years, 53% were girls, 56.9% pubescent. Regarding nutritional status, 64.7% were eutrophic, 31.3% were overweight, only two were obese (3.98%). When assessing eating habits, 64.7% had healthy habits and 35.3%, unhealthy, most of the group with unhealthy habits was pubertal (p = 0.039), had a longer period of illness (p = 0.026) and uses a higher dose of insulin in IU/kg/day (p = 0.047). Conclusion: The majority of the population had adequate nutritional status and eating habits. The prevalence of overweight and obesity is similar to the general population. Unhealthy eating habits were associated with longer illness, puberty and higher insulin dose.