Alternative Transformer Theory Based on Poynting’s Theorem

Abstract

The paper presents blunders of the initial positions used in the traditional theory of transformers. The authors recommend a transition to a new transformer doctrine, based on the idea of building up (gradually increasing up) the Poynting vector in the thickness of the primary winding, moving it through the gap between the windings and its subsequent gradually reduction as it penetrates into the thickness of the secondary winding through the transfer of energy to the load. The theory is based on a universal 4T-shaped equivalent circuit. The Universalism of the circuit is manifested in mapping of the magnetic fluxes in the window and yoke of the transformer as well as in the area between the transformer and the transformer tank in case of saturation occurring at any load. The reliability of the theory is confirmed by the numerical calculations of the fields, which led to the discovery of previously unknown features of their distribution and new properties of transformers. It is concluded that the theory of transformers should be reviewed.