Syntactic Tools of Expressivization in the Ukrainian Studies: Status, Dynamics

Abstract

A number of scientific studies, representing different approaches to the study of the latest trends in language, which are associated with processes of globalization in society, have been performed in linguistics today. The term “democratization” is used to denote one of the leading factors in the history of language development, which influenced on its stability and caused various changes in it, which often coincide with the social and historical processes in the state. The democratization of the language has led to the simplification and alignment of various forms in the language, the blurring of literary language norms and the boundaries between its functional styles, the shattering of established traditions. However, these processes are appropriate not only to the current state of the Ukrainian language, as the spoken part of the language influenced the formation and dynamics of the modern Ukrainian literary language during its long development. The renewal of the syntactic system of the modern Ukrainian language took place against the background of the penetration of spoken language samples into the belles-lettres style, and later – into other styles of language (publicistic, official style, scientific, etc.). The results of the study confirm that the means of expressive syntax generally update the syntactic system of the language. The tendency to language democratization (orientation of written standardized language to oral speech) and to its simplification is manifested not only in stylistic way, but also in structural one, i.e. in changing of the syntactic structure of the sentence. Conversational constructions are used to create emotionally expressive patterns, imagery and the text efficiency. The end of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century marked by the dominance of postmodernism as an artistic style focused on the environment, the mainly unstructured world. The basis of the postmodern text is irony and play. The freedom one has with the latter, encourages the search of a new stylistic behavior, a new idiosyncrasy of the author, a deviation from the established syntax and usual ways of writing. The language play is not only the main feature of Ukrainian postmodernism, but also the basis of the literary text of postmodernism. Furthermore, at the beginning of the 21st century means of expressive syntax are used not only in artistic but also in publicistic styles. The most common syntactic means of saving the meaning in modern Ukrainian syntax are omission and substitution, elimination of sentence extenders, compression and reduction, heterogenuous coordination, syntactic merging, activation of phraseological sentences, intertextuality, increase in analytical units of syntax.