The tendencies of bank crediting development to the Ukrainian economy

Socio-Economic Problems and the State Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI:10.33108/sepd2022.02.029

V. Kostiuk, O. Faychuk, Y. Bobyrets

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Abstract

The article considers the views of representatives of various theoretical trends and clarifies the essence of the economic category "credit". The current situation and problems of the credit market functioning in Ukraine are studied. The actual level of lending to the domestic economy has been established. The tendency and regional structure of the provided bank credits in Ukraine are analysed. The dynamics of lending to businesses in national and foreign currency is substantiated. A comparative analysis of the dynamics of loans granted by banking institutions to residents, businesses and individuals is made. The place of consumer loans in the bank lending system has been established. The role of short-term loans in the economic development of Ukraine is determined. The structure of loans granted to residents by maturity, non-financial corporations by type of economic activity and households by maturity was studied. The presence of negative dynamics in the growth of the share of overdue debt on loans in the economy of Ukraine has been established. Peculiarities of borrowing bank capital from enterprises of different types of economic activity by terms of loan repayments and currency are revealed. In particular, it was found that among the enterprises of the processing industry, the largest borrowers of bank funds are economic entities operating in the food industry. An analysis of lending by non-resident banking institutions was also performed. It is established that one of the most important tasks of credit management is the formation and analysis of the loan portfolio of commercial banks. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on lending to the economy was analysed and it was found that the negative trends in lending by the banking sector of the Ukrainian economy prevail. The main factors of stagnation of bank crediting in our country are determined. Measures for certain areas of functioning of the domestic credit market to intensify it are proposed.

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银行信贷发展对乌克兰经济的影响

本文综合考虑了各种理论流派代表的观点，阐明了“信用”这一经济范畴的本质。研究了乌克兰信贷市场运行的现状和问题。对国内经济的实际贷款水平已经确定。分析了乌克兰提供的银行信贷的趋势和区域结构。向企业提供本币和外币贷款的动态得到了证实。对银行机构向居民、企业和个人发放贷款的动态进行了比较分析。消费贷款在银行贷款体系中的地位已经确立。短期贷款在乌克兰经济发展中的作用已经确定。研究了按期限划分的居民贷款结构、按经济活动类型划分的非金融企业贷款结构和按期限划分的家庭贷款结构。已经确定，乌克兰经济中逾期贷款债务所占比例的增长存在消极的动力。揭示了从不同类型经济活动的企业按还贷条件和货币向银行借款的特点。特别是，在加工业企业中，银行资金的最大借款人是经营食品工业的经济实体。还对非居民银行机构的贷款进行了分析。确立了商业银行贷款组合的形成和分析是信贷管理的重要任务之一。分析了COVID-19大流行对经济贷款的影响，发现乌克兰经济银行部门贷款的负面趋势普遍存在。确定了我国银行信贷停滞的主要因素。提出了加强国内信贷市场某些领域运作的措施。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Socio-Economic Problems and the State

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