TO DETERMINE THE FRACTURE AND ACCURACY BY USING TUNING FORK DIRECT TEST AND AUSCULTORY TUNING FORK TEST AMONG PATIENTS WITH STRESS FRACTURE

Abstract

Stress fractures results in micro trauma to the bone caused by repeated mechanical stress injuries. Stress fractures are common injuries in sports people the result of normal healthy bone being subjected to repetitive loading forces, while training. Normally assess clinically, physical exams like tenderness to palpation, focal temperature increases and pain with various tests like fulcrum, and a hop test. Radiographic confirmation of stress fractures includes X-ray, bone scintigraphy scan, CT, and MRI. However, MRI is expensive and may not be available in all hospitals and difficult to get the immediate appointments. The vibration of a tuning fork has been recommended as a way to locate and diagnose a stress fracture by inducing vibratory pain at the site of the injury. Many clinicians and sports physiotherapist were using tuning fork for initial diagnosis of fracture and stress injuries. The aim of this was to identify the correct techniques used for confirmation diagnosis of fractures using a tuning fork directly apply tests and stethoscope technique for the presence of fracture. Patients were selected all those diagnosed hairlines by X ray with stress fracture of the lower extremity bones who consented to participation. Once identified, eligible participants received a standard history and physical exam including palpation for tenderness and participants were asked to their pain. The fracture site was located from x ray and marked by an “x” on the skin. Two tests were followed by the researcher.