Bond between concrete and rigid foam in precast concrete sandwich construction

Abstract

In precast concrete sandwich construction mechanical connectors are used to transfer loads between the two concrete shells. Omitting these connectors seems economically interesting for realizing novel sandwich elements with lightweight facings made of textile-reinforced concrete or other materials. Then, the adhesion between the isolating layer and the cover layers becomes the decisive parameter. In order to evaluate the basic influence of surface texture and type of concrete on the bond strength, an experimental study including different rigid foams and ordinary performance concrete (OPC) as well as ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) was carried out. The results of 120 tensile bond tests and 30 shear tests on concrete-rigid foam composites show that technically relevant bond strengths can be achieved by pouring the concrete onto the rigid foam. For OPC, the tensile bond strength is 50% higher than the minimum value required for external thermal insulation composite systems without mechanical connectors. For UHPC significantly higher bond strengths are obtained, which can be attributed to a better micromechanical interlock. In some cases, the strength of the composite was limited by the strength of the foam. The results are valuable for identifying promising rigid foam-concrete configurations.