Disability, Enhancement, and Flourishing.

IF 1.3 3区 哲学 Q3 ETHICS
Jason T Eberl
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Recent debate among bioethicists concerns the potential to enhance human beings' physical or cognitive capacities by means of genetic, pharmacological, cybernetic, or surgical interventions. Between "transhumanists," who argue for unreserved enhancement of human capabilities, and "bioconservatives," who warn against any non-therapeutic manipulation of humanity's natural condition, lie those who support limited forms of enhancement for the sake of individual and collective human flourishing. Many scholars representing these views also share a concern over the status and interests of human beings with various types of cognitive and physical disabilities, some of which may be ameliorable by enhancement interventions. The question addressed in this paper is whether valuing the enhancement of human capabilities may be reconciled with valuing the existence and phenomenological experiences of human beings with various disabilities. Can we value enhanced capabilities without disvaluing those whose capabilities fall below a defined threshold of "normal function"? Furthermore, if certain forms of disability, particularly cognitive disabilities, negatively impact one's flourishing, could the enhancement of one's cognitive capacities through biotechnological means enhance one's flourishing.

残疾、增强和繁荣。
最近生物伦理学家之间的争论关注的是通过基因、药理学、控制论或外科干预手段来增强人类身体或认知能力的潜力。在主张毫无保留地增强人类能力的“超人类主义者”和反对对人类自然状态进行任何非治疗性操纵的“生物保守主义者”之间,有些人支持为了个人和集体的繁荣而进行有限形式的增强。代表这些观点的许多学者也对各种类型的认知和身体残疾的人类的地位和利益表示关注,其中一些可以通过增强干预来改善。本文讨论的问题是,重视人类能力的增强是否可以与重视各种残疾人类的存在和现象学经验相协调。我们能在不贬低那些能力低于定义的“正常功能”阈值的情况下重视增强的能力吗?此外,如果某些形式的残疾,特别是认知残疾,会对一个人的繁荣产生负面影响,那么通过生物技术手段提高一个人的认知能力是否会促进一个人的繁荣呢?
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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.90
自引率
6.20%
发文量
30
期刊介绍: This bimonthly publication explores the shared themes and concerns of philosophy and the medical sciences. Central issues in medical research and practice have important philosophical dimensions, for, in treating disease and promoting health, medicine involves presuppositions about human goals and values. Conversely, the concerns of philosophy often significantly relate to those of medicine, as philosophers seek to understand the nature of medical knowledge and the human condition in the modern world. In addition, recent developments in medical technology and treatment create moral problems that raise important philosophical questions. The Journal of Medicine and Philosophy aims to provide an ongoing forum for the discussion of such themes and issues.
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