Online Gambling: A Systematic Review of Risk and Protective Factors in the Adult Population.

IF 2.4 3区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Gambling Studies Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-14 DOI:10.1007/s10899-023-10258-3

Michela Ghelfi, Paola Scattola, Gilberto Giudici, Veronica Velasco

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Abstract

In recent decades, internet gambling has seen strong growth and diffusion due to intrinsic characteristics that make it particularly attractive to players (accessibility, anonymity, variety of games). This paper aims to present the current state of knowledge of the risk and protective factors of online gambling. A literature search conducted in the PubMed, PsychInfo, and Scopus databases found 42 articles, which were included in the review. Methodological aspects and risk and protective factors were analysed cross-sectionally. The results concerning risk and protective factors were distinguished by the level of analysis: individual, relational, and contextual. Two types of comparisons were considered: online vs. offline gamblers and online nonproblematic vs. problematic gamblers. The results of the two comparisons were juxtaposed to analyse their consistency and the different associations with factors. In general, the review showed that risk factors and variables at the individual level are investigated to a greater extent, while protective factors at the relational and contextual level need more in-depth study in future research. More specifically, this review found that even if online and offline gamblers shared most risk and protective factors, there are variables that they would not have in common. These factors could be important to consider in preventive interventions aimed at online gamblers and online problematic gamblers.

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在线赌博:成人人群风险和保护因素的系统回顾。

近几十年来，由于其内在特征(可访问性、匿名性、游戏多样性)对玩家特别有吸引力，互联网赌博出现了强劲的增长和扩散。本文旨在介绍目前对网络赌博的风险和保护因素的认识状况。在PubMed、PsychInfo和Scopus数据库中进行的文献检索发现了42篇文章，这些文章被纳入了综述。方法方面和风险和保护因素进行了横断面分析。有关风险因素和保护因素的结果根据分析水平进行区分:个体、关系和环境。研究人员考虑了两种类型的比较:在线赌徒与离线赌徒，在线无问题赌徒与有问题赌徒。两种比较的结果并置，以分析其一致性和与因素的不同关联。总的来说，综述表明，个体层面的危险因素和变量的研究程度较大，而关系和情境层面的保护因素需要在未来的研究中更加深入。更具体地说，这项审查发现，即使在线和离线赌徒共享大多数风险和保护因素，也有一些变量是他们不相同的。在针对在线赌徒和在线问题赌徒的预防性干预措施中，这些因素可能是重要的考虑因素。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Gambling Studies Multiple-

CiteScore

5.00

自引率

16.70%

发文量

期刊介绍： Journal of Gambling Studies is an interdisciplinary forum for the dissemination on the many aspects of gambling behavior, both controlled and pathological, as well as variety of problems attendant to, or resultant from, gambling behavior including alcoholism, suicide, crime, and a number of other mental health problems. Articles published in this journal are representative of a cross-section of disciplines including psychiatry, psychology, sociology, political science, criminology, and social work.