The Pathology according to p53 Pathway.

IF 3.5 4区 医学 Q3 CELL BIOLOGY
Pathobiology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-14 DOI:10.1159/000535203
Yuichiro Hatano
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Observations play a pivotal role in the progress of science, including in pathology. The cause of a disease such as cancer is analyzed by breaking it down into smaller organs, tissues, cells, and molecules. The current standard cancer diagnostic procedure, microscopic observation, relies on preserved morphological characteristics. In contrast, molecular analyses explore oncogenic pathway activation that leads to genetic mutations and aberrant protein expression. Such molecular analyses could potentially identify therapeutic targets and has gained considerable attention in clinical oncology.

Summary: This review summarizes the cardinal biomarkers of the p53 pathway, p53, p16, and mouse double minute 2 (MDM2), in the context of traditional surgical pathology and emerging genomic oncology. The p53 pathway, which is dysregulated in more than a half of all cancers, can be applied in several diagnostic settings. A four-classification model of immunophenotype for p53 pathway gene status, tumor types with a high frequency of abnormalities for each p53 pathway gene, and a minimal p53 pathway immunohistochemical panel is also described.

Key messages: Immunohistochemistry of oncogenic signals should be interpreted according to molecular findings based on genomic oncology, in addition to the microscopic findings of diagnostic pathology.

病理依据p53通路。
观察在包括病理学在内的科学进步中起着关键作用。癌症等疾病的病因是通过将其分解成更小的器官、组织、细胞和分子来分析的。目前标准的癌症诊断程序,显微镜观察,依赖于保存形态学特征。相比之下,分子分析探讨了导致基因突变和异常蛋白表达的致癌途径激活。这种分子分析可以潜在地确定治疗靶点,并在临床肿瘤学中获得了相当大的关注。本文综述了在传统外科病理学和新兴基因组肿瘤学背景下,p53通路的主要生物标志物,p53、p16和小鼠双分钟2 (MDM2)。p53通路在超过一半的癌症中失调,可以应用于几种诊断环境。本文还描述了p53通路基因状态的免疫表型四分类模型,每个p53通路基因异常频率高的肿瘤类型,以及最小的p53通路免疫组织化学面板。肿瘤信号的免疫组化应根据基于基因组肿瘤学的分子结果进行解释,除了诊断病理学的显微镜结果。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Pathobiology
Pathobiology 医学-病理学
CiteScore
8.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
47
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: ''Pathobiology'' offers a valuable platform for the publication of high-quality original research into the mechanisms underlying human disease. Aiming to serve as a bridge between basic biomedical research and clinical medicine, the journal welcomes articles from scientific areas such as pathology, oncology, anatomy, virology, internal medicine, surgery, cell and molecular biology, and immunology. Published bimonthly, ''Pathobiology'' features original research papers and reviews on translational research. The journal offers the possibility to publish proceedings of meetings dedicated to one particular topic.
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