COVID-19 Information on YouTube: Analysis of Quality and Reliability of Videos in Eleven Widely Spoken Languages across Africa.

IF 16.4 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Accounts of Chemical Research Pub Date : 2023-01-18 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI:10.1155/2023/1406035

Kapil Narain, Kingsley Appiah Bimpong, O'Neil Kosasia Wamukota, Oloruntoba Ogunfolaji, Udeme-Abasi U Nelson, Anirban Dutta, Ayodeji Ogunleye, Eileen van der Westhuizen, Emmanuel Eni, Almthani Hamza Abdalrheem, Samuel Mesfin, Aimée Bernice Munezero, Nazo Nxumalo, Okuhle Xozwa

{"title":"COVID-19 Information on YouTube: Analysis of Quality and Reliability of Videos in Eleven Widely Spoken Languages across Africa.","authors":"Kapil Narain, Kingsley Appiah Bimpong, O'Neil Kosasia Wamukota, Oloruntoba Ogunfolaji, Udeme-Abasi U Nelson, Anirban Dutta, Ayodeji Ogunleye, Eileen van der Westhuizen, Emmanuel Eni, Almthani Hamza Abdalrheem, Samuel Mesfin, Aimée Bernice Munezero, Nazo Nxumalo, Okuhle Xozwa","doi":"10.1155/2023/1406035","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Whilst the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination rollout is well underway, there is a concern in Africa where less than 2% of global vaccinations have occurred. In the absence of herd immunity, health promotion remains essential. YouTube has been widely utilised as a source of medical information in previous outbreaks and pandemics. There are limited data on COVID-19 information on YouTube videos, especially in languages widely spoken in Africa. This study investigated the quality and reliability of such videos.Methods: Medical information related to COVID-19 was analysed in 11 languages (English, isiZulu, isiXhosa, Afrikaans, Nigerian Pidgin, Hausa, Twi, Arabic, Amharic, French, and Swahili). Cohen's Kappa was used to measure inter-rater reliability. A total of 562 videos were analysed. Viewer interaction metrics and video characteristics, source, and content type were collected. Quality was evaluated using the Medical Information Content Index (MICI) scale and reliability was evaluated by the modified DISCERN tool.Results: Kappa coefficient of agreement for all languages was p < 0.01. Informative videos (471/562, 83.8%) accounted for the majority, whilst misleading videos (12/562, 2.13%) were minimal. Independent users (246/562, 43.8%) were the predominant source type. Transmission of information (477/562 videos, 84.9%) was most prevalent, whilst content covering screening or testing was reported in less than a third of all videos. The mean total MICI score was 5.75/5 (SD 4.25) and the mean total DISCERN score was 3.01/5 (SD 1.11).Conclusion: YouTube is an invaluable, easily accessible resource for information dissemination during health emergencies. Misleading videos are often a concern; however, our study found a negligible proportion. Whilst most videos were fairly reliable, the quality of videos was poor, especially noting a dearth of information covering screening or testing. Governments, academic institutions, and healthcare workers must harness the capability of digital platforms, such as YouTube to contain the spread of misinformation.","PeriodicalId":1,"journal":{"name":"Accounts of Chemical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":16.4000,"publicationDate":"2023-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9876664/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Accounts of Chemical Research","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/1406035","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2023/1/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Introduction: Whilst the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination rollout is well underway, there is a concern in Africa where less than 2% of global vaccinations have occurred. In the absence of herd immunity, health promotion remains essential. YouTube has been widely utilised as a source of medical information in previous outbreaks and pandemics. There are limited data on COVID-19 information on YouTube videos, especially in languages widely spoken in Africa. This study investigated the quality and reliability of such videos.

Methods: Medical information related to COVID-19 was analysed in 11 languages (English, isiZulu, isiXhosa, Afrikaans, Nigerian Pidgin, Hausa, Twi, Arabic, Amharic, French, and Swahili). Cohen's Kappa was used to measure inter-rater reliability. A total of 562 videos were analysed. Viewer interaction metrics and video characteristics, source, and content type were collected. Quality was evaluated using the Medical Information Content Index (MICI) scale and reliability was evaluated by the modified DISCERN tool.

Results: Kappa coefficient of agreement for all languages was p < 0.01. Informative videos (471/562, 83.8%) accounted for the majority, whilst misleading videos (12/562, 2.13%) were minimal. Independent users (246/562, 43.8%) were the predominant source type. Transmission of information (477/562 videos, 84.9%) was most prevalent, whilst content covering screening or testing was reported in less than a third of all videos. The mean total MICI score was 5.75/5 (SD 4.25) and the mean total DISCERN score was 3.01/5 (SD 1.11).

Conclusion: YouTube is an invaluable, easily accessible resource for information dissemination during health emergencies. Misleading videos are often a concern; however, our study found a negligible proportion. Whilst most videos were fairly reliable, the quality of videos was poor, especially noting a dearth of information covering screening or testing. Governments, academic institutions, and healthcare workers must harness the capability of digital platforms, such as YouTube to contain the spread of misinformation.

Abstract Image

查看原文本刊更多论文

COVID-19 YouTube 上的信息：非洲 11 种广泛使用的语言的视频质量和可靠性分析。

导言：虽然冠状病毒病 2019（COVID-19）疫苗接种工作进展顺利，但非洲的情况令人担忧，那里的疫苗接种率不到全球的 2%。在缺乏群体免疫力的情况下，健康宣传仍然至关重要。在以往的疫情爆发和大流行中，YouTube 已被广泛用作医疗信息来源。有关 YouTube 视频中 COVID-19 信息的数据有限，尤其是在非洲广泛使用的语言。本研究调查了此类视频的质量和可靠性：分析了 11 种语言（英语、伊西祖鲁语、伊西科萨语、南非荷兰语、尼日利亚皮金语、豪萨语、特维语、阿拉伯语、阿姆哈拉语、法语和斯瓦希里语）中与 COVID-19 相关的医疗信息。评分者之间的可靠性采用科恩卡帕法（Cohen's Kappa）进行测量。共分析了 562 个视频。收集了观众互动指标、视频特征、来源和内容类型。质量采用医学信息内容指数（MICI）量表进行评估，可靠性采用改进的 DISCERN 工具进行评估：结果：所有语言的卡帕系数均小于 0.01。信息性视频（471/562，83.8%）占大多数，而误导性视频（12/562，2.13%）极少。独立用户（246/562，43.8%）是最主要的信息来源类型。信息传播（477/562 个视频，84.9%）最为普遍，而涉及筛查或检测内容的视频不到所有视频的三分之一。平均 MICI 总分为 5.75/5（SD 4.25），平均 DISCERN 总分为 3.01/5（SD 1.11）：结论：YouTube 是卫生突发事件期间进行信息传播的宝贵且易于获取的资源。误导性视频往往令人担忧，但我们的研究发现，误导性视频的比例微乎其微。虽然大多数视频都相当可靠，但视频质量较差，尤其是缺少有关筛查或检测的信息。政府、学术机构和医疗工作者必须利用 YouTube 等数字平台的功能来遏制错误信息的传播。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合

CiteScore

31.40

自引率

1.10%

发文量

312

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance. Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.