Gut as the target tissue of mercury and the extraintestinal effects

IF 4.8 3区医学 Q1 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY

Toxicology Pub Date : 2023-01-15 DOI:10.1016/j.tox.2022.153396

Xue Tian , Xiaoying Lin , Jiating Zhao , Liwei Cui , Yuxi Gao , Yong-Liang Yu , Bai Li , Yu-Feng Li

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引用次数: 4

Abstract

Mercury (Hg) is harmful to the environment and human health. The gut plays important roles as the biological, chemical, mechanical, and immune barriers in animals and human beings. It has been known that Hg can be absorbed and methylated/demethylated in the gut, on the other hand, the impacts of Hg to the gut (especially the gut microbiota) is less studied. This review paper summarizes the impacts of inorganic Hg (IHg) and methyl Hg (MeHg) on gut barriers and the extraintestinal effects (damage to other organs such as the liver and brain). Both IHg and MeHg were found to cause intestinal microbial disorders, abnormal metabolites production, tight junction damage, and immune responses in the gut. The damage to the gut also contributed to the extraintestinal effects like the hepatotoxicity by IHg and the neurotoxicity by MeHg. In all, it is proposed that the gut should be considered as an important target tissue of Hg exposure, and the regulation of gut microbiota may have the potential for the prevention and control of the toxicity of Hg.

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肠道作为汞的靶组织及其对肠外的影响

汞对环境和人类健康有害。肠道作为动物和人类的生物、化学、机械和免疫屏障发挥着重要作用。众所周知，汞可以在肠道中被吸收和甲基化/去甲基化，另一方面，汞对肠道（尤其是肠道微生物群）的影响研究较少。本文综述了无机汞（IHg）和甲基汞（MeHg）对肠道屏障的影响以及肠外效应（对肝脏和大脑等其他器官的损伤）。IHg和甲基汞都会导致肠道微生物紊乱、代谢产物产生异常、紧密连接损伤和肠道免疫反应。肠道损伤也导致肠外效应，如IHg的肝毒性和甲基汞的神经毒性。总之，建议将肠道视为汞暴露的重要靶组织，肠道微生物群的调节可能具有预防和控制汞毒性的潜力。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Toxicology 医学-毒理学

CiteScore

7.80

自引率

4.40%

发文量

222

审稿时长

23 days

期刊介绍： Toxicology is an international, peer-reviewed journal that publishes only the highest quality original scientific research and critical reviews describing hypothesis-based investigations into mechanisms of toxicity associated with exposures to xenobiotic chemicals, particularly as it relates to human health. In this respect "mechanisms" is defined on both the macro (e.g. physiological, biological, kinetic, species, sex, etc.) and molecular (genomic, transcriptomic, metabolic, etc.) scale. Emphasis is placed on findings that identify novel hazards and that can be extrapolated to exposures and mechanisms that are relevant to estimating human risk. Toxicology also publishes brief communications, personal commentaries and opinion articles, as well as concise expert reviews on contemporary topics. All research and review articles published in Toxicology are subject to rigorous peer review. Authors are asked to contact the Editor-in-Chief prior to submitting review articles or commentaries for consideration for publication in Toxicology.