Food Allergies and Alpha-gal Syndrome for the Gastroenterologist.

Q1 Medicine

Current Gastroenterology Reports Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI:10.1007/s11894-022-00860-7

Christopher J Lee, Sarah K McGill

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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Purpose of review: Food allergies are typically not considered as a cause of gastrointestinal (GI) distress without additional allergic symptoms, apart from celiac disease and eosinophilic esophagitis. However, recent reports of patients with alpha-gal syndrome who presented with GI-only symptoms like abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea challenge this paradigm. Alpha-gal syndrome is an IgE-mediated allergy characterized by delayed reactions after eating mammalian meat or mammalian-derived products that contain galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose (alpha-gal). The purpose of this review is to discuss our current understanding of food allergies, GI illness, and the GI manifestations of alpha-gal syndrome.

Recent findings: Among Southeastern U.S. GI clinic patients who screened positive for serum alpha-gal IgE, a majority of patients reported significant symptom improvement on an alpha-gal-avoidant diet, suggesting that the allergy had played a role in their GI symptoms. Diagnosis of alpha-gal syndrome is typically made with concerning allergic symptoms, elevated alpha-gal specific IgE in the serum, and symptom improvement on an alpha-gal avoidant diet. Alpha-gal syndrome can cause a delayed allergic response that is increasingly recognized worldwide, including among patients with predominant GI symptoms.

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胃肠病学家的食物过敏和α -gal综合征。

综述目的:除了乳糜泻和嗜酸性粒细胞性食管炎外，食物过敏通常不被认为是没有其他过敏症状的胃肠道(GI)窘迫的原因。然而，最近关于alpha-gal综合征患者仅表现为腹痛、呕吐和腹泻等gi症状的报道挑战了这一范式。α -半乳糖综合征是一种ige介导的过敏，其特征是食用含有半乳糖-1,3-半乳糖(α -半乳糖)的哺乳动物肉类或哺乳动物衍生产品后的延迟反应。这篇综述的目的是讨论我们目前对食物过敏、胃肠道疾病和α -gal综合征的胃肠道表现的理解。最近的研究发现:在美国东南部胃肠门诊筛查血清α -半乳糖IgE阳性的患者中，大多数患者报告在α -半乳糖回避饮食后症状明显改善，这表明过敏在他们的胃肠道症状中起了作用。α -半乳糖综合征的诊断通常伴随着相关的过敏症状、血清中α -半乳糖特异性IgE升高以及避免α -半乳糖饮食后症状的改善。α -gal综合征可引起延迟性过敏反应，这在世界范围内越来越被认识到，包括在有主要胃肠道症状的患者中。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Current Gastroenterology Reports Medicine-Gastroenterology

CiteScore

7.80

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： As the field of gastroenterology and hepatology rapidly evolves, the wealth of published literature can be overwhelming. The aim of the journal is to help readers stay abreast of such advances by offering authoritative, systematic reviews by leading experts. We accomplish this aim by appointing Section Editors who invite international experts to contribute review articles that highlight recent developments and important papers published in the past year. Major topics in gastroenterology are covered, including pediatric gastroenterology, neuromuscular disorders, infections, nutrition, and inflammatory bowel disease. These reviews provide clear, insightful summaries of expert perspectives relevant to clinical practice. An Editorial Board of internationally diverse members suggests topics of special interest to their country/region and ensures that topics are current and include emerging research. We also provide commentaries from well-known figures in the field.