Innate immune recognition against SARS-CoV-2.

IF 5 3区 医学 Q2 IMMUNOLOGY
Taisho Yamada, Akinori Takaoka
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引用次数: 4

Abstract

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative virus of pandemic acute respiratory disease called coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Most of the infected individuals have asymptomatic or mild symptoms, but some patients show severe and critical systemic inflammation including tissue damage and multi-organ failures. Immune responses to the pathogen determine clinical course. In general, the activation of innate immune responses is mediated by host pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) that recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) as well as host damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), which results in the activation of the downstream gene induction programs of types I and III interferons (IFNs) and proinflammatory cytokines for inducing antiviral activity. However, the excessive activation of these responses may lead to deleterious inflammation. Here, we review the recent advances in our understanding of innate immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection, particularly in terms of innate recognition and the subsequent inflammation underlying COVID-19 immunopathology.

Abstract Image

Abstract Image

针对SARS-CoV-2的先天免疫识别。
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒-2 (SARS-CoV-2)是2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)大流行急性呼吸道疾病的致病病毒。大多数感染者无症状或症状轻微,但部分患者表现出严重和危重的全身性炎症,包括组织损伤和多器官衰竭。对病原体的免疫反应决定了临床病程。一般来说,先天免疫应答的激活是由宿主模式识别受体(PRRs)介导的,该受体识别病原体相关分子模式(PAMPs)和宿主损伤相关分子模式(DAMPs),从而激活I型和III型干扰素(ifn)和促炎细胞因子的下游基因诱导程序,以诱导抗病毒活性。然而,这些反应的过度激活可能导致有害的炎症。在这里,我们回顾了我们对SARS-CoV-2感染的先天免疫反应的理解的最新进展,特别是在先天识别和随后的COVID-19免疫病理基础的炎症方面。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
11.10
自引率
1.20%
发文量
45
审稿时长
11 weeks
期刊介绍: Inflammation and Regeneration is the official journal of the Japanese Society of Inflammation and Regeneration (JSIR). This journal provides an open access forum which covers a wide range of scientific topics in the basic and clinical researches on inflammation and regenerative medicine. It also covers investigations of infectious diseases, including COVID-19 and other emerging infectious diseases, which involve the inflammatory responses. Inflammation and Regeneration publishes papers in the following categories: research article, note, rapid communication, case report, review and clinical drug evaluation.
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