A Meta-Research of Randomized Controlled Trials in the Field of Mental Health: Comparing Pharmacological to Non-Pharmacological Interventions from 1955 to 2020.

IF 4.3 3区材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

ACS Applied Electronic Materials Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-02-06 DOI:10.1177/07067437231154993

Sheng Chen, Alina Lee, Wei Wang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to provide a general overview of mental health randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and summarize the temporal trends in terms of the number of studies, median sample sizes, and median effect sizes using data collected from the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR).

Methods: Using data collected from the CDSR, the temporal trends are compared in terms of the number of studies, median sample sizes, and median effect sizes between two broad categories of interventions: pharmacological RCT (ph-RCT) and non-pharmacological RCT (nph-RCT), and in conjunction with major mental disorder categories.

Results: Chronologically, the number of mental health RCTs reported in publications has increased exponentially from 1955 to 2020. While ph-RCT comprised a majority of mental health RCTs in the earlier years, the proportion of nph-RCTs increased more quickly over time and markedly exceeded ph-RCT after 2010. The median sample size for all 6,652 mental health RCTs was 61, with 61 for ph-RCT and 60 for nph-RCT. Over time, the median fluctuated but an increasing trend was observed over the past 60+ years. The median of the effect size, measured by Pearson's r, for overall RCTs was 0.18, and nph-RCT (0.19) had a larger median effect size compared to ph-RCT (0.16). Over the years, the nph-RCT had a larger median effect size than the ph-RCT. Differences in the median effect sizes among the categories of mental disorders were also noted. Schizophrenia had the most RCTs, with a median Pearson's r value of 0.17. Mood disorder had the second largest number of RCTs and a median Pearson's r value of 0.15. Neurotic/stress-related mental disorder had the third largest number of RCTs with the highest median Pearson's r being 0.23.

Conclusions: This study provides meaningful information and filled the knowledge gap in mental health RCTs.

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心理健康领域随机对照试验的荟萃研究：1955年至2020年药理学与非药理学干预的比较。

目的：本研究旨在提供心理健康随机对照试验（RCT）的总体概况，并使用从Cochrane系统评价数据库（CDSR）收集的数据总结研究数量、中位样本量和中位效应量的时间趋势。方法：使用从CDSR收集的数据，在两大类干预措施（药理学随机对照试验（ph-RCT）和非药理学随机对照实验（nph-RCT））以及主要精神障碍类别之间，从研究数量、中位数样本量和中位数效应量的角度比较了时间趋势。结果：从1955年到2020年，出版物中报告的心理健康随机对照试验数量呈指数级增长。虽然在早些年，ph随机对照试验占心理健康随机对照试验的大多数，但随着时间的推移，nph随机对照试验所占比例增加得更快，并在2010年后显著超过ph随机对照。所有6652项心理健康随机对照试验的中位样本量为61，其中61项为ph随机对照试验，60项为nph随机对照试验。随着时间的推移，中位数有所波动，但在过去60多年中观察到了上升趋势。通过Pearson的r测量，整体随机对照试验的效应大小中位数为0.18，与ph随机对照试验（0.16）相比，nph随机对照试验中位效应大小（0.19）更大。多年来，nph RCT的效应大小中值大于ph随机对照试验。还注意到精神障碍类别之间的中位效应大小的差异。精神分裂症患者的随机对照试验最多，皮尔逊r值中位数为0.17。情绪障碍的随机对照试验次数位居第二，Pearson的r值中位数为0.15。神经性/压力相关精神障碍的随机对照试验数量位居第三，Pearson’s r中位数最高，为0.23。结论：本研究提供了有意义的信息，填补了心理健康随机对照试验的知识空白。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

ACS Applied Electronic Materials Multiple-

CiteScore

7.20

自引率

4.30%

发文量

567