Pathways towards posttraumatic stress symptomatology: A moderated mediation model including perceived stress, worry, and defense mechanisms.

IF 2.7 2区心理学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY

Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-01-23 DOI:10.1037/tra0001435

Alessio Gori, Eleonora Topino, Alessandro Musetti

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Abstract

Objective: The general aim of this study was to examine the psychological variables associated with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptomatology, focusing on perceived stress, worry, as well as mature, neurotic, and immature defenses. Therefore, the differences in the study variables based on the levels of posttraumatic stress were explored, and a moderated mediation model was tested, controlling for gender and SARS-CoV-2 infection as covariates.

Method: A sample of 1,864 Italian participants completed the Impact of event scale-revised (IES-R), the 10-Item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), the Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ), and the 40-Item Defense Style Questionnaire (DSQ-40).

Results: 41% (n = 764) of participants showed scores indicative of a probable presence of PTSD. They reported significantly higher levels of perceived stress, worry, neurotic and immature defenses than participants with lower PTSD symptomatology. Perceived stress was significantly associated with PTSD symptomatology, both directly and indirectly through the mediation of worry. Furthermore, neurotic and immature defenses were significant moderators in some relationships of this model.

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创伤后应激症状的形成途径：包括感知压力、担忧和防御机制在内的调节中介模型。

研究目的本研究的总体目标是研究与创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）症状相关的心理变量，重点是感知到的压力、担忧以及成熟、神经质和不成熟的防御。因此，研究人员根据创伤后应激水平探讨了研究变量的差异，并在控制性别和 SARS-CoV-2 感染作为协变量的情况下，对调节中介模型进行了检验：方法：1864 名意大利参与者完成了事件影响量表修订版（IES-R）、10 项知觉压力量表（PSS-10）、宾州忧虑问卷（PSWQ）和 40 项防御风格问卷（DSQ-40）：41%的参与者（n = 764）的得分表明他们可能患有创伤后应激障碍。与创伤后应激障碍症状较轻的参与者相比，他们报告的感知压力、担忧、神经质和不成熟防御的水平明显更高。感知到的压力与创伤后应激障碍症状有明显关联，既有直接关联，也有通过担忧的中介作用间接关联。此外，神经质和不成熟的防御在该模型的某些关系中起着重要的调节作用：这些数据可为制定针对创伤后应激障碍的干预措施和具体预防活动提供有用的指示。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, 版权所有）。

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来源期刊

Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy Multiple-

CiteScore

11.20

自引率

3.20%

发文量

427

期刊介绍： Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy publishes empirical research on the psychological effects of trauma. The journal is intended to be a forum for an interdisciplinary discussion on trauma, blending science, theory, practice, and policy. The journal publishes empirical research on a wide range of trauma-related topics, including: -Psychological treatments and effects -Promotion of education about effects of and treatment for trauma -Assessment and diagnosis of trauma -Pathophysiology of trauma reactions -Health services (delivery of services to trauma populations) -Epidemiological studies and risk factor studies -Neuroimaging studies -Trauma and cultural competence