A call to dismantle systemic racism in criminal legal systems.

IF 2.4 2区社会学 Q1 LAW

Law and Human Behavior Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI:10.1037/lhb0000510

Cynthia J Najdowski, Margaret C Stevenson

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引用次数: 4

Abstract

Objectives: In October 2021, the American Psychological Association (APA) passed a resolution addressing ways psychologists could work to dismantle systemic racism in criminal legal systems. In the present report, developed to inform APA's policy resolution, we detail the scope of the problem and offer recommendations for policy makers and psychologists to address the issue by advancing related science and practice. Specifically, we acknowledge the roots of modern-day racial and ethnic disparities in rates of criminalization and punishment for people of color compared with White people. Next, we review existing theory and research that helps explain the underlying psychological mechanisms driving racial and ethnic disparities in criminal legal systems (e.g., endorsement of negative stereotypes, explicit and implicit bias). We also elucidate how racially disparate treatment generates downstream negative mental health consequences for people of color.

Conclusions: Evidence-based recommendations to work toward eliminating systemic racism in the criminal legal systems include (a) rigorous measurement and analysis of disparities; (b) targeted changes in policy, practice, and law; (c) increased access to culturally aware and competent services and interventions; (d) design and promotion of education and training programs regarding racial bias; (e) increased attention to issues of intersectionality; and (f) promotion of diversity and fair-mindedness among criminal legal actors. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

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呼吁废除刑事法律体系中的系统性种族主义。

目标:2021年10月，美国心理协会(APA)通过了一项决议，讨论了心理学家如何努力消除刑事法律体系中的系统性种族主义。在本报告中，我们详细介绍了问题的范围，并为政策制定者和心理学家提供建议，通过推进相关科学和实践来解决这个问题。具体地说，我们认识到，与白人相比，有色人种在定罪率和受罚率方面的现代种族和民族差异的根源。接下来，我们回顾了现有的理论和研究，这些理论和研究有助于解释刑事法律制度中种族和民族差异的潜在心理机制(例如，对负面刻板印象的认可，显性和隐性偏见)。我们还阐明了种族歧视如何对有色人种的心理健康产生负面影响。结论:为消除刑事法律体系中的系统性种族主义而提出的基于证据的建议包括:(a)严格衡量和分析差异;(b)政策、实践和法律方面有针对性的变化;(c)增加获得具有文化意识和称职的服务和干预的机会;(d)设计和促进有关种族偏见的教育和培训方案;(e)更加注意相互交织的问题;(f)促进刑事法律行为者的多样性和公正性。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA，版权所有)。

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来源期刊

Law and Human Behavior Multiple-

CiteScore

4.50

自引率

8.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： Law and Human Behavior, the official journal of the American Psychology-Law Society/Division 41 of the American Psychological Association, is a multidisciplinary forum for the publication of articles and discussions of issues arising out of the relationships between human behavior and the law, our legal system, and the legal process. This journal publishes original research, reviews of past research, and theoretical studies from professionals in criminal justice, law, psychology, sociology, psychiatry, political science, education, communication, and other areas germane to the field.