Effect of vaccination against Covid-19 one year after its introduction in Brazil.

IF 2.4 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Jadher Percio, Cibelle Mendes Cabral, Francieli Fontana Sutile Tardetti Fantinato, Dalva Maria de Assis, Lely Stella Guzmán-Barrera, Wildo Navegantes de Araújo
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Worldwide, several efforts have been made to develop, distribute and administer safe and effective vaccines to reduce morbidity and mortality and control the Covid-19 pandemic. This study aimed to analyze the effect of vaccination against Covid-19, one year after its introduction in Brazil.

Methods: An ecological study that analyzed the general effect of vaccination against Covid-19 on disease morbidity and mortality indicators among the Brazilian population aged 18 years or older per epidemiological week (EW), comparing the pre and postvaccination period. Morbidity and mortality indicators were calculated from secondary databases (hospitalization rate, severity, case fatality rate and mortality) and vaccination coverage by age groups (18 to 59 years and 60 years or older). Morbimortality trends were estimated using the JoinPoint model and their association with vaccine coverage using the Poisson model.

Results: The average weekly percentage change (AWPC) of morbidity and mortality indicators reduced after the introduction of Covid-19 vaccination: hospitalization rate (from 15.3% to -6.0%), severity (from 0.4% to -0.2%), case fatality rate (from 0.3% to -0.2%) and mortality (from 20.5% to -4.3%). The following indicators were inversely associated with the increase in vaccine coverage against Covid-19: hospitalization (IRR: 0.974), mortality (IRR: 0.975) and lethality for people aged 60 years or older (IRR: 0.997).

Conclusions: In spite of the three epidemic waves and the circulation of variants of concern, the general effect of vaccination against Covid-19 in reducing the trend of morbidity and mortality from the disease in Brazil was demonstrated. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the mass vaccination program against Covid-19 and may inform future public health policies.

Abstract Image

Abstract Image

在巴西引入 Covid-19 疫苗一年后的效果。
背景:全世界都在努力开发、分发和接种安全有效的疫苗,以降低发病率和死亡率,控制 Covid-19 的流行。本研究旨在分析 Covid-19 疫苗在巴西上市一年后的效果:这是一项生态学研究,分析了接种Covid-19疫苗对巴西18岁及以上人群每流行病周(EW)发病率和死亡率指标的总体影响,并对接种前后进行了比较。发病率和死亡率指标是通过二级数据库(住院率、严重程度、病死率和死亡率)和按年龄组(18 至 59 岁和 60 岁或以上)划分的疫苗接种覆盖率计算得出的。采用 JoinPoint 模型估算了死亡率趋势,并采用泊松模型估算了死亡率趋势与疫苗接种率的关系:结果:接种 Covid-19 疫苗后,发病率和死亡率指标的平均每周百分比变化(AWPC)有所下降:住院率(从 15.3% 降至 -6.0%)、严重程度(从 0.4% 降至 -0.2%)、病死率(从 0.3% 降至 -0.2%)和死亡率(从 20.5% 降至 -4.3%)。以下指标与 Covid-19 疫苗覆盖率的提高成反比:住院率(IRR:0.974)、死亡率(IRR:0.975)和 60 岁或以上人群的致死率(IRR:0.997):结论:尽管经历了三次流行病浪潮和令人担忧的变种的传播,但接种 Covid-19 疫苗在降低巴西该疾病的发病率和死亡率方面的总体效果得到了证实。这些研究结果有助于更好地理解大规模 Covid-19 疫苗接种计划,并为未来的公共卫生政策提供参考。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.20
自引率
0.00%
发文量
25
审稿时长
17 weeks
期刊介绍: Tropical Diseases, Travel Medicine and Vaccines is an open access journal that considers basic, translational and applied research, as well as reviews and commentary, related to the prevention and management of healthcare and diseases in international travelers. Given the changes in demographic trends of travelers globally, as well as the epidemiological transitions which many countries are experiencing, the journal considers non-infectious problems including chronic disease among target populations of interest as well as infectious diseases.
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