Calcium-doped zinc oxide nanocrystals as an innovative intracanal medicament: a pilot study.

Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Pub Date : 2022-10-04 eCollection Date: 2022-11-01 DOI:10.5395/rde.2022.47.e38

Gabriela Leite de Souza, Thamara Eduarda Alves Magalhães, Gabrielle Alves Nunes Freitas, Nelly Xiomara Alvarado Lemus, Gabriella Lopes de Rezende Barbosa, Anielle Christine Almeida Silva, Camilla Christian Gomes Moura

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Abstract

Objectives: This study investigated the cytotoxicity, radiopacity, pH, and dentinal tubule penetration of a paste of 1.0% calcium-doped zinc oxide nanocrystals (ZnO:1.0Ca) combined with propylene glycol (PRG) or polyethylene glycol and propylene glycol (PEG-PRG).

Materials and methods: The pastes were prepared by mixing calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)₂] or ZnO:1.0Ca with PRG or a PEG-PRG mixture. The pH was evaluated after 24 and 96 hours of storage in deionized water. Digital radiographs were acquired for radiopacity analysis and bubble counting of each material. The materials were labeled with 0.1% fluorescein and applied to root canals, and images of their dentinal tubule penetration were obtained using confocal laser scanning microscopy. RAW264.7 macrophages were placed in different dilutions of culture media previously exposed to the materials for 24 and 96 hours and tested for cell viability using the MTT assay. Analysis of variance and the Tukey test (α = 0.05) were performed.

Results: ZnO:1.0Ca materials showed lower viability at 1:1 and 1:2 dilutions than Ca(OH)₂ materials (p < 0.0001). Ca(OH)₂ had higher pH values than ZnO:1.0Ca at 24 and 96 hours, regardless of the vehicle (p < 0.05). ZnO:1.0Ca pastes showed higher radiopacity than Ca(OH)₂ pastes (p < 0.01). No between-material differences were found in bubble counting (p = 0.0902). The ZnO:1.0Ca pastes had a greater penetration depth than Ca(OH)₂ in the apical third (p < 0.0001).

Conclusions: ZnO:1.0Ca medicaments presented higher penetrability, cell viability, and radiopacity than Ca(OH)₂. Higher values of cell viability and pH were present in Ca(OH)₂ than in ZnO:1.0Ca.

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掺钙氧化锌纳米晶体作为一种创新的龋内药物：一项试验研究。

研究目的本研究调查了 1.0% 掺钙纳米氧化锌晶体（ZnO:1.0Ca）与丙二醇（PRG）或聚乙二醇和丙二醇（PEG-PRG）混合糊剂的细胞毒性、放射能力、pH 值和牙本质小管渗透性：将氢氧化钙[Ca(OH)2]或 ZnO:1.0Ca 与 PRG 或 PEG-PRG 混合物混合制备糊剂。在去离子水中存放 24 小时和 96 小时后对 pH 值进行评估。为分析每种材料的放射性透明度和气泡计数采集了数字射线照片。用 0.1% 荧光素标记材料并将其应用于根管，使用共焦激光扫描显微镜获得其牙本质小管穿透的图像。将 RAW264.7 巨噬细胞置于不同稀释度的培养基中，分别暴露于材料中 24 小时和 96 小时，并使用 MTT 法检测细胞存活率。进行方差分析和 Tukey 检验（α = 0.05）：结果：ZnO:1.0Ca 材料在 1:1 和 1:2 稀释度下的存活率低于 Ca(OH)2 材料（p < 0.0001）。在 24 和 96 小时内，无论使用何种载体，Ca(OH)2 的 pH 值均高于 ZnO:1.0Ca （p < 0.05）。ZnO:1.0Ca 浆料比 Ca(OH)2 浆料具有更高的放射能力（p < 0.01）。在气泡计数方面没有发现不同材料之间的差异（p = 0.0902）。ZnO:1.0Ca糊剂在根尖三分之一处的穿透深度大于 Ca(OH)2（p < 0.0001）：结论：ZnO:1.0Ca药膏比Ca(OH)2具有更高的渗透性、细胞活力和放射能力。Ca(OH)2 的细胞活力和 pH 值均高于 ZnO:1.0Ca。

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