Movements during sleep reveal the developmental emergence of a cerebellar-dependent internal model in motor thalamus.

IF 8.1 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
James C Dooley, Greta Sokoloff, Mark S Blumberg
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引用次数: 15

Abstract

With our eyes closed, we can track a limb's moment-to-moment location in space. If this capacity relied solely on sensory feedback from the limb, we would always be a step behind because sensory feedback takes time: for the execution of rapid and precise movements, such lags are not tolerable. Nervous systems solve this problem by computing representations-or internal models-that mimic movements as they are happening, with the associated neural activity occurring after the motor command but before sensory feedback. Research in adults indicates that the cerebellum is necessary to compute internal models. What is not known, however, is when-and under what conditions-this computational capacity develops. Here, taking advantage of the unique kinematic features of the discrete, spontaneous limb twitches that characterize active sleep, we captured the developmental emergence of a cerebellar-dependent internal model. Using rats at postnatal days (P) 12, P16, and P20, we compared neural activity in the ventral posterior (VP) and ventral lateral (VL) thalamic nuclei, both of which receive somatosensory input but only the latter of which receives cerebellar input. At all ages, twitch-related activity in VP lagged behind the movement, consistent with sensory processing; similar activity was observed in VL through P16. At P20, however, VL activity no longer lagged behind movement but instead precisely mimicked the movement itself; this activity depended on cerebellar input. In addition to demonstrating the emergence of internal models of movement, these findings implicate twitches in their development and calibration through, at least, the preweanling period.

Abstract Image

Abstract Image

睡眠中的运动揭示了运动丘脑中小脑依赖的内部模型的发育出现。
闭上眼睛,我们就能追踪肢体在空间中的实时位置。如果这种能力仅仅依赖肢体的感觉反馈,我们就会落后一步,因为感觉反馈需要时间:对于快速而精确的动作来说,这种滞后是不可容忍的。神经系统通过计算表征(或内部模型)来解决这个问题,模拟正在发生的运动,相关的神经活动发生在运动命令之后,但在感觉反馈之前。对成人的研究表明,小脑是计算内部模型所必需的。然而,我们不知道的是,这种计算能力是何时以及在什么条件下发展起来的。在这里,利用主动睡眠中离散的、自发的肢体抽搐的独特运动学特征,我们捕捉到了一个依赖小脑的内部模型的发育出现。在大鼠出生后12、16和20天,我们比较了丘脑腹侧后核(VP)和腹侧外侧核(VL)的神经活动,这两个核都接受体感觉输入,但只有后者接受小脑输入。在所有年龄段,VP的抽搐相关活动滞后于运动,与感觉加工一致;通过P16在VL中观察到类似的活性。然而,在P20, VL的活动不再滞后于运动,而是精确地模仿运动本身;这种活动依赖于小脑输入。除了证明运动内部模型的出现,这些发现还暗示了抽搐的发展和校准,至少在断奶前时期。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Current Biology
Current Biology 生物-生化与分子生物学
CiteScore
11.80
自引率
2.20%
发文量
869
审稿时长
46 days
期刊介绍: Current Biology is a comprehensive journal that showcases original research in various disciplines of biology. It provides a platform for scientists to disseminate their groundbreaking findings and promotes interdisciplinary communication. The journal publishes articles of general interest, encompassing diverse fields of biology. Moreover, it offers accessible editorial pieces that are specifically designed to enlighten non-specialist readers.
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