Prevalence and determinants of cardiovascular risk factors in Lesotho: a population-based survey.

IF 2.3 4区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

International Health Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI:10.1093/inthealth/ihad058

Lucia González Fernández, Emmanuel Firima, Ravi Gupta, Mamoronts'ane Pauline Sematle, Makhebe Khomolishoele, Manthabiseng Molulela, Matumaole Bane, Raphaela Meli, Mosa Tlahali, Tristan Lee, Frédérique Chammartin, Felix Gerber, Thabo Ishmael Lejone, Irene Ayakaka, Maja Weisser, Alain Amstutz, Niklaus Daniel Labhardt

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: There are no recent data on the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors (CVDRFs) in Lesotho. This study aims to assess the prevalence of CVDRFs and their determinants.

Methods: We conducted a household-based, cross-sectional survey among adults ≥18 y of age in 120 randomly sampled clusters in two districts.

Results: Among 6061 participants, 52.2% were female and their median age was 39 y (interquartile range 27-58). The overall prevalence of overweight, diabetes, elevated blood pressure (BP) and tobacco use was 39.9%, 5.3%, 21.6% and 24.9%, respectively. Among participants, 34.6% had none, 45.2% had one and 20.2% had two or more CVDRFs. Women were more likely to have two or more CVDRFs (20.7% vs 12.3%). Overall, 7.5% of participants had elevated total cholesterol, 52.7% had low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and 1.6% had elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Among younger participants (18-29 y), 16.1% reported tobacco use, 28.6% were overweight, 1.5% had diabetes and 3.5% had elevated BP. Household wealth positively correlated with the prevalence of elevated BP, overweight and diabetes, whereas tobacco use was higher among people in the lowest three wealth quintiles.

Conclusions: CVDRFs are highly prevalent in Lesotho across age and sex groups, underlining the importance of strengthening prevention and care programs in Lesotho and similar settings in southern Africa.

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莱索托心血管风险因素的普遍性和决定因素：一项基于人口的调查。

背景：没有关于莱索托心血管风险因素（CVDRFs）流行率的最新数据。本研究旨在评估 CVDRFs 的流行率及其决定因素：我们在两个地区的 120 个随机抽样群组中对年龄≥18 岁的成年人进行了一次基于家庭的横断面调查：在 6061 名参与者中，52.2% 为女性，年龄中位数为 39 岁（四分位数间距为 27-58 岁）。超重、糖尿病、血压升高和吸烟的总体患病率分别为 39.9%、5.3%、21.6% 和 24.9%。在参与者中，34.6%的人没有任何心血管危险因素，45.2%的人有一项心血管危险因素，20.2%的人有两项或两项以上心血管危险因素。女性更有可能有两个或两个以上的 CVDRF（20.7% 对 12.3%）。总体而言，7.5%的参与者总胆固醇升高，52.7%的参与者高密度脂蛋白胆固醇偏低，1.6%的参与者低密度脂蛋白胆固醇升高。在较年轻的参与者（18-29 岁）中，16.1% 报告吸烟，28.6% 超重，1.5% 患有糖尿病，3.5% 血压升高。家庭财富与血压升高、超重和糖尿病的患病率呈正相关，而在财富最低的三个五分位数中，吸烟率较高：结论：在莱索托，心血管疾病危险因素在不同年龄和性别群体中都非常普遍，这凸显了在莱索托和南部非洲类似环境中加强预防和护理计划的重要性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

International Health PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH-

CiteScore

4.50

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： International Health is an official journal of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. It publishes original, peer-reviewed articles and reviews on all aspects of global health including the social and economic aspects of communicable and non-communicable diseases, health systems research, policy and implementation, and the evaluation of disease control programmes and healthcare delivery solutions. It aims to stimulate scientific and policy debate and provide a forum for analysis and opinion sharing for individuals and organisations engaged in all areas of global health.