{"title":"Precision Medicine Approach to Cochlear Implantation.","authors":"Yehree Kim, Byung Yoon Choi","doi":"10.21053/ceo.2022.01382","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the early days of cochlear implantation (CI) surgery, when the types of electrodes were limited and the etiology of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) was not well understood, the one-size-fits-all approach to CI held true, as in all other fields. However, in the era of personalized medicine, there have been attempts to associate CI performance with the etiology of SNHL and to establish customized surgical techniques that can maximize performance according to individual cochlear dimensions. Personalized genomic-driven assessments of CI candidates and a better understanding of genotype-phenotype correlations could provide clinically applicable diagnostic and prognostic information about questions such as who, how, and when to implant. Rigorous and strategic imaging assessments also provide better insights into the anatomic etiology of SNHL and cochlear dimensions, leading to individualized surgical techniques to augment CI outcomes. Furthermore, the precision medicine approach to CI is not necessarily limited to preoperative planning, but can be extended to either intraoperative electrode positioning or even the timing of the initial switch-on. In this review, we discuss the implications of personalized diagnoses (both genetic and nongenetic) on the planning and performance of CI in patients with prelingual and postlingual SNHL.</p>","PeriodicalId":10318,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9000,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/60/c0/ceo-2022-01382.PMC9723282.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.21053/ceo.2022.01382","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2022/11/10 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
In the early days of cochlear implantation (CI) surgery, when the types of electrodes were limited and the etiology of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) was not well understood, the one-size-fits-all approach to CI held true, as in all other fields. However, in the era of personalized medicine, there have been attempts to associate CI performance with the etiology of SNHL and to establish customized surgical techniques that can maximize performance according to individual cochlear dimensions. Personalized genomic-driven assessments of CI candidates and a better understanding of genotype-phenotype correlations could provide clinically applicable diagnostic and prognostic information about questions such as who, how, and when to implant. Rigorous and strategic imaging assessments also provide better insights into the anatomic etiology of SNHL and cochlear dimensions, leading to individualized surgical techniques to augment CI outcomes. Furthermore, the precision medicine approach to CI is not necessarily limited to preoperative planning, but can be extended to either intraoperative electrode positioning or even the timing of the initial switch-on. In this review, we discuss the implications of personalized diagnoses (both genetic and nongenetic) on the planning and performance of CI in patients with prelingual and postlingual SNHL.
在人工耳蜗植入(CI)手术的早期,电极类型有限,感音神经性听力损失(SNHL)的病因也不甚明了,因此 CI 的 "一刀切 "方法在所有其他领域都是正确的。然而,在个性化医疗时代,人们开始尝试将 CI 的性能与 SNHL 的病因联系起来,并建立定制的手术技术,以便根据个体耳蜗尺寸最大限度地提高性能。对 CI 候选者进行基因组驱动的个性化评估,以及更好地了解基因型与表型之间的相关性,可为临床提供适用的诊断和预后信息,如植入对象、植入方式和植入时间等问题。严格和战略性的成像评估还能更好地了解 SNHL 和耳蜗尺寸的解剖病因,从而采用个性化的手术技术来提高 CI 的疗效。此外,CI 的精准医疗方法并不一定局限于术前规划,还可以扩展到术中电极定位,甚至是首次开机的时机。在这篇综述中,我们将讨论个性化诊断(包括遗传和非遗传)对语前和语后 SNHL 患者的 CI 计划和实施的影响。
期刊介绍:
Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology (Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol, CEO) is an international peer-reviewed journal on recent developments in diagnosis and treatment of otorhinolaryngology-head and neck surgery and dedicated to the advancement of patient care in ear, nose, throat, head, and neck disorders. This journal publishes original articles relating to both clinical and basic researches, reviews, and clinical trials, encompassing the whole topics of otorhinolaryngology-head and neck surgery.
CEO was first issued in 2008 and this journal is published in English four times (the last day of February, May, August, and November) per year by the Korean Society of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. The Journal aims at publishing evidence-based, scientifically written articles from different disciplines of otorhinolaryngology field.
The readership contains clinical/basic research into current practice in otorhinolaryngology, audiology, speech pathology, head and neck oncology, plastic and reconstructive surgery. The readers are otolaryngologists, head and neck surgeons and oncologists, audiologists, and speech pathologists.