Modification of Fatty Acid Profile and Oil Contents Using Gene Editing in Oilseed Crops for a Changing Climate.

IF 4.5 2区农林科学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Gm Crops & Food-Biotechnology in Agriculture and the Food Chain Pub Date : 2023-12-31 Epub Date: 2023-08-08 DOI:10.1080/21645698.2023.2243041

Saeed Rauf, Seerat Fatima, Rodomiro Ortiz

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Mutation breeding based on various chemical and physical mutagens induces and disrupts non-target loci. Hence, large populations were required for visual screening, but desired plants were rare and it was a further laborious task to identify desirable mutants. Generated mutant had high defect due to non-targeted mutation, with poor agronomic performance. Mutation techniques were augmented by targeted induced local lesions in genome (TILLING) facilitating the selection of desirable germplasm. On the other hand, gene editing through CRISPR/Cas9 allows knocking down genes for site-directed mutation. This handy technique has been exploited for the modification of fatty acid profile. High oleic acid genetic stocks were obtained in a broad range of crops. Moreover, genes involved in the accumulation of undesirable seed components such as starch, polysaccharide, and flavors were knocked down to enhance seed quality, which helps to improve oil contents and reduces the anti-nutritional component.

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利用基因编辑技术改变油料作物的脂肪酸组成和含油量，以适应不断变化的气候。

基于各种化学和物理诱变剂的突变育种会诱导和破坏非目标基因座。因此，需要大量群体进行目测筛选，但理想的植株却很少见，要找出理想的突变体又是一项艰巨的任务。由于非靶向突变，产生的突变体缺陷大，农艺性能差。基因组定向诱导局部病变（TILLING）增强了突变技术，促进了理想种质的选择。另一方面，通过 CRISPR/Cas9 进行基因编辑，可以敲除基因进行定点突变。这种便捷的技术已被用于脂肪酸谱的改造。在多种作物中获得了高油酸基因储备。此外，还敲除了参与淀粉、多糖和香精等不良种子成分积累的基因，以提高种子质量，从而有助于提高含油量并减少抗营养成分。

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来源期刊

Gm Crops & Food-Biotechnology in Agriculture and the Food Chain Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-Biotechnology

CiteScore

8.10

自引率

10.30%

发文量

期刊介绍： GM Crops & Food - Biotechnology in Agriculture and the Food Chain aims to publish high quality research papers, reviews, and commentaries on a wide range of topics involving genetically modified (GM) crops in agriculture and genetically modified food. The journal provides a platform for research papers addressing fundamental questions in the development, testing, and application of transgenic crops. The journal further covers topics relating to socio-economic issues, commercialization, trade and societal issues. GM Crops & Food aims to provide an international forum on all issues related to GM crops, especially toward meaningful communication between scientists and policy-makers. GM Crops & Food will publish relevant and high-impact original research with a special focus on novelty-driven studies with the potential for application. The journal also publishes authoritative review articles on current research and policy initiatives, and commentary on broad perspectives regarding genetically modified crops. The journal serves a wide readership including scientists, breeders, and policy-makers, as well as a wider community of readers (educators, policy makers, scholars, science writers and students) interested in agriculture, medicine, biotechnology, investment, and technology transfer. Topics covered include, but are not limited to: • Production and analysis of transgenic crops • Gene insertion studies • Gene silencing • Factors affecting gene expression • Post-translational analysis • Molecular farming • Field trial analysis • Commercialization of modified crops • Safety and regulatory affairs BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY • Biofuels • Data from field trials • Development of transformation technology • Elimination of pollutants (Bioremediation) • Gene silencing mechanisms • Genome Editing • Herbicide resistance • Molecular farming • Pest resistance • Plant reproduction (e.g., male sterility, hybrid breeding, apomixis) • Plants with altered composition • Tolerance to abiotic stress • Transgenesis in agriculture • Biofortification and nutrients improvement • Genomic, proteomic and bioinformatics methods used for developing GM cops ECONOMIC, POLITICAL AND SOCIAL ISSUES • Commercialization • Consumer attitudes • International bodies • National and local government policies • Public perception, intellectual property, education, (bio)ethical issues • Regulation, environmental impact and containment • Socio-economic impact • Food safety and security • Risk assessments