[Principles of the pharmacology of local anesthetics].

IF 1.1 4区 医学 Q3 ANESTHESIOLOGY
Schmerz Pub Date : 2023-10-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-18 DOI:10.1007/s00482-023-00751-4
Rebecca Bockholt, Martin Mirus
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The development of local anesthetics revolutionized the performance of painful interventions. Local anesthetics have an effect on voltage-gated sodium channels in nerve fibers and modulate the conduction of impulses. With respect to the chemical structure, local anesthetics can be divided into amide and ester types. The structural differences of local anesthetics have an influence on the duration of action, the degradation pathways and specific side effects. Severe adverse events include cardiotoxicity and neurotoxicity. In addition to basic measures, such as the monitoring and securing of vital parameters, lipid infusion represents a treatment option in cases of intoxication. The recent developments of local anesthetics are particularly concerned with the reduction of toxicity and prolonging the duration of action.

Abstract Image

[局部麻醉剂药理学原理]。
局部麻醉剂的发展彻底改变了疼痛干预的表现。局部麻醉剂对神经纤维中的电压门控钠通道有影响,并调节脉冲的传导。就化学结构而言,局部麻醉剂可分为酰胺类和酯类。局部麻醉剂的结构差异对作用时间、降解途径和特定副作用有影响。严重不良事件包括心脏毒性和神经毒性。除了监测和确保重要参数等基本措施外,脂质输注也是中毒病例的一种治疗选择。局部麻醉剂的最新发展特别关注减少毒性和延长作用时间。
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来源期刊
Schmerz
Schmerz 医学-临床神经学
CiteScore
2.00
自引率
20.00%
发文量
64
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Der Schmerz is an internationally recognized journal and addresses all scientists, practitioners and psychologists, dealing with the treatment of pain patients or working in pain research. The aim of the journal is to enhance the treatment of pain patients in the long run. Review articles provide an overview on selected topics and offer the reader a summary of current findings from all fields of pain research, pain management and pain symptom management. Freely submitted original papers allow the presentation of important clinical studies and serve the scientific exchange. Case reports feature interesting cases and aim at optimizing diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Review articles under the rubric ''Continuing Medical Education'' present verified results of scientific research and their integration into daily practice.
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