Ketamine as a pharmacological tool for the preclinical study of memory deficit in schizophrenia.

IF 1.6 4区 心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES
José Eduardo Suárez Santiago, Gabriel Roldán Roldán, Ofir Picazo
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Schizophrenia is a serious neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by the presence of positive symptoms (hallucinations, delusions, and disorganization of thought and language), negative symptoms (abulia, alogia, and affective flattening), and cognitive impairment (attention deficit, impaired declarative memory, and deficits in social cognition). Dopaminergic hyperactivity seems to explain the positive symptoms, but it does not completely clarify the appearance of negative and cognitive clinical manifestations. Preclinical data have demonstrated that acute and subchronic treatment with NMDA receptor antagonists such as ketamine (KET) represents a useful model that resembles the schizophrenia symptomatology, including cognitive impairment. This latter has been explained as a hypofunction of NMDA receptors located on the GABA parvalbumin-positive interneurons (near to the cortical pyramidal cells), thus generating an imbalance between the inhibitory and excitatory activity in the corticomesolimbic circuits. The use of behavioral models to explore alterations in different domains of memory is vital to learn more about the neurobiological changes that underlie schizophrenia. Thus, to better understand the neurophysiological mechanisms involved in cognitive impairment related to schizophrenia, the purpose of this review is to analyze the most recent findings regarding the effect of KET administration on these processes.

氯胺酮作为精神分裂症记忆缺陷临床前研究的药理学工具。
精神分裂症是一种严重的神经精神障碍,其特征是存在阳性症状(幻觉、妄想、思维和语言紊乱)、阴性症状(性欲缺失、痛症和情感平坦)和认知障碍(注意力缺陷、陈述性记忆受损和社会认知缺陷)。多巴胺能亢进似乎解释了阳性症状,但它并不能完全澄清阴性和认知临床表现的出现。临床前数据表明,使用NMDA受体拮抗剂(如氯胺酮(KET))进行急性和亚慢性治疗是一种有用的模型,类似于精神分裂症的症状,包括认知障碍。后者被解释为位于GABA小蛋白阳性中间神经元(靠近皮质锥体细胞)上的NMDA受体功能低下,从而在皮质边缘回路中产生抑制和兴奋活动之间的不平衡。使用行为模型来探索不同记忆领域的变化,对于更多地了解精神分裂症背后的神经生物学变化至关重要。因此,为了更好地理解与精神分裂症相关的认知障碍的神经生理机制,本综述的目的是分析有关KET治疗对这些过程影响的最新发现。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Behavioural Pharmacology
Behavioural Pharmacology 医学-行为科学
CiteScore
3.40
自引率
0.00%
发文量
84
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Behavioural Pharmacology accepts original full and short research reports in diverse areas ranging from ethopharmacology to the pharmacology of schedule-controlled operant behaviour, provided that their primary focus is behavioural. Suitable topics include drug, chemical and hormonal effects on behaviour, the neurochemical mechanisms under-lying behaviour, and behavioural methods for the study of drug action. Both animal and human studies are welcome; however, studies reporting neurochemical data should have a predominantly behavioural focus, and human studies should not consist exclusively of clinical trials or case reports. Preference is given to studies that demonstrate and develop the potential of behavioural methods, and to papers reporting findings of direct relevance to clinical problems. Papers making a significant theoretical contribution are particularly welcome and, where possible and merited, space is made available for authors to explore fully the theoretical implications of their findings. Reviews of an area of the literature or at an appropriate stage in the development of an author’s own work are welcome. Commentaries in areas of current interest are also considered for publication, as are Reviews and Commentaries in areas outside behavioural pharmacology, but of importance and interest to behavioural pharmacologists. Behavioural Pharmacology publishes frequent Special Issues on current hot topics. The editors welcome correspondence about whether a paper in preparation might be suitable for inclusion in a Special Issue.
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